Capital Asset and Pricing Model

Questions : 1.A Critical Assessment of The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)You are required to- (a) Describe the Capital Asset Pricing Model, including the suppositions basic the hypothesis. (b) Explain the connection between the Security Market Line and the Capital Market Line, utilizing charts and guides to delineate your clarification. (c) Briefly set out contentions for and against - the hypothesis, layout its uses and make an evaluate of its basic suppositions. (d) dentify any choices which have been recommended instead of CAPM. (e) Conclude with a general appraisal of the hypothesis and express any suggestions you may have from your investigation. (f) Conclusion a concise in general evaluation of the CAPM hypothesis. 2.You are required to work the accompanying issue, utilizing a limited income (NPV) examination. Gordon Hall is thinking about supplanting an old machine with another one from Li Ho. The old machine (purchased 5 years back from Tom Lee) cost $340,000, while the upgraded one will cost $280,000, completely financed by a multi year 9% per annum intrigue just credit. The new machine will be devalued prime expense to $50,000 over its multi year life. Gordon gauges that it will be worth $40,000 (rescue esteem) following 5 years. The old machine is being devalued at prime expense to zero over its unique anticipated existence of 10 years. Be that as it may, George can sell the old machine today for $86,000. The new machine will spare Gordon $70,000 per year in cooling costs. Different expenses are that, one year back, an achievability concentrate on the new machine directed for Gordon by an outside firm of advisors, cost Gordon $20,000. With the new machine, Gordon will likewise lose $10,000 of deals of another item to Tom Lee. With the new machine, a coincidental measure of cleaning supplies (current resources) at an expense of $9,000 will be required, and Henry gauges that records of sales (likewise current resources) will increment by $14,000. Both of these increments in working capital will be recovered toward the finish of the new machines life in five years time. Gordons cost of capital is 9%. The assessment rate is 30%. Duty is paid in the year in which income are gotten. (a) Calculate the net present estimation of the proposed change, that is, the net advantage or total deficit in present worth terms of the proposed changeover. (b)Should Henry buy the new machine? State plainly why. Answers : (1)Introduction Capital Asset valuing Model (CAPM) has been on the most significant speculations identified with monetary administration and present day money related financial matters that has applications in venture financing and protections advertise concerning estimation of cost of capital of the organizations and assessment of the presentation of the portfolios individually. It is one of the most generally utilized models in spite of the fact that has been moved a few times concerning its applications and precision. This paper gives the fundamental comprehension of the CAPM by featuring the suppositions hidden the hypothesis. Further the connection between the Security Market Line and the Capital Market Line is contemplated. The article additionally talked about the applications, advantages and confinements of CAPM. In conclusion the suggestions have been made for the option of CAPM or what modifications can be made to CAPM to lessen the impact of confinements. Capital Asset Pricing Model CAPM gives the connection among chance and anticipated return. This relationship is given by the scientific recipe Here is normal return is the hazard free return is affectability of the resource for the adjustments consequently on advertise is the normal return of the market The relationship that is given by the CAPM is valuable in two different ways. Right off the bat it gives benchmark pace of return that must be normal from the given speculation openings. Besides it is utilized for guaging the profits to a limited degree. There are sure suppositions dependent on which CAPM has been created. These are as referenced beneath Hazard Return enthusiasm of financial specialists: The speculators are chance opposed and want more rate of return. The hazard will be maintained a strategic distance from if the arrival is same on two venture choices. Differentiated portfolio is held by the financial specialists: This suppositions depends on the way that it has been expected that there is no unsystematic hazard and that Obtaining in danger free rate: Another supposition that will be that the speculators can put resources into exceptional yield ventures by acquiring in danger free rate. Short Selling: There is no limitation on short selling in the market and all the financial specialists can exchange all the accessible choices. The purchasing or selling of the stock won't have any effect on the costs. Entirely productive market: It is accepted that the market is totally effective and that equivalent data is accessible to all the speculators. There is no exchange cost or whatever other expense that is material. In light of these presumptions the CAPM model has been created. Different perspectives regarding CAPM have been talked about beneath. Security Market Line Capital Market Line Capital Market Line (CML) is utilized in CAPM for showing the arrival from effective portfolio which is subject to the hazard free rate and the degree of hazard related with the portfolio. CML is the connection of come back with chance estimated as far as standard deviation. Then again Security showcase Line (SML) shows the connection between the beta of the stock and the arrival related with it. The proficient wilderness that has been appeared in the above graph is the arrangement of every single ideal portfolio that offer most noteworthy expected return for a given hazard level or the least hazard. The portfolios that lie beneath the proficient portfolio are over-esteemed as ideal expected return isnt there while the portfolio that are over the CML have higher hazard. The condition of CML is demonstrated as follows. The protections, resource or portfolio that are over the SML are undervalued though that beneath the SML are exaggerated. One of the most significant contrasts between the CML and SML is that CML is appropriate to the portfolio while the SML is material for security, resource or portfolio. Further the other contrast between the SML and CML is that SML distinguishes hazard as far as beta though in CML standard deviation is the proportion of hazard. Utilizations of CAPM CAPM has its applications in various fragments. These have been talked about beneath Portfolio examination: CAPM has its application in portfolio investigation. In light of the CML that has been talked about above it tends to be assessed whether the portfolio is underestimated or over-esteemed. Effective portfolios lie on the CML. Further the advantages that are over the SML are undervalued comparative with true to form dependent on CAPM while the benefits that lie underneath the SML are overrated corresponding to as implied by CAPM. Speculation Decisions: the venture choices as for the estimation of the undertaking and the arrival it can create might be assessed dependent on the CAPM. Applications to capital Budgeting: CAPM is utilized for setting up the obstacle rate for the ventures. Hence dependent on the CAPM WACC can be evaluated which can additionally be utilized for the estimation of the Net Present worth (NPV) or Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The above applications propose that dynamic has been disentangled dependent on the CAPM model and the thought might be given to different factors instead of the expense of capital or the estimation of profits at the essential level. Advantages and Limitations CAPM has been one of the most significant and has been actualized tremendously in different investigations. There are sure advantages which support CAPM rather than different hypotheses and models that have been created. Precise Risk Estimation: the straight relationship that has been referenced above is spoken to by the Security advertise Line featuring the connection between the beta, showcase chance and the normal return. Further the unsystematic hazard is dispensed with making the model very straightforward and straightforward and execute. The exact testing of CAPM shows that regardless of its errors it is significantly more solid than different models, for example, exchange estimating model and so on. It is accepted that CAPM can be the reason for the further investigation and improvement in the estimation of return in contrast with different models. There are sure confinements of CAPM that have been talked about beneath Initially CAPM depends on specific presumptions. The suppositions that have been referenced before, for example, no exchange cost, assessments or impact of expansion available are ridiculous. This impacts the unwavering quality of the CAPM. For instance in the ongoing past the CPM has ineffectively clarified the stock returns in USA and UK showcase as there has been impressive effect of these variables. There are sure confinements regarding the philosophy that is embraced in CAPM. The arrival estimated by the CAPM is an element of hazard. The general unpredictability of the venture is the premise of estimation of return. Anyway this is imperative to comprehend that the instability might be higher in contrast with what is delineated by CAPM. Also the file that has been chosen as the market intermediary may not be sufficiently significant to gauge the profits on the venture. Finally, as referenced over the uses of CAPM is in estimation of weighted normal expense of capital. Since CAPM utilizes chronicled information and it is normal that a similar connection as portrayed by the recorded information will be relevant. Anyway the effect of different variables affecting the exhibition in future additionally must be thought of. End Recommendations CAPM is absolutely one of the most helpful models that has its applications in planning, protections and undertaking examination. The different advantages of the model show why this has been received over the budgetary area. Then again the confinements feature the need to lead concentrates on the model and create options to CAPM and ways by which this can be executed (Fletcher Kihanda, 2005). One of the ways is to present the param

Cuban Missile Crisis Essays - Soviet UnionUnited States Relations

Cuban Missile Crisis John F. Kennedy's most prominent triumph as President of the United States came in 1962, as the world's two biggest superpowers, the Soviet Union and the United States, edged consistently nearer to atomic war. The Soviet chief of Russia was found outfitting Fidel Castro with atomic weapons. The showdown left the world in dread for thirteen long days, with the life of the world on the line. In 1962, Nikita Khrushchev, Premier of the Soviet Association, utilized a challenging ploy. He furtively requested the situation of Soviet atomic weapons in Cuba. Prior the Soviet chief had guaranteed Soviet insurance to Cuba (Cuban 774). This was the first run through any such weapons had been put outside of Eurasia (Hersh 345). A few clarifications for his activities have been offered by history specialists. One factor in Khrushchev's choice was a vital one (Hersh 346). A year sooner, the United States had set a few medium-run atomic rockets in Turkey (Cuban 774). The rockets were directly over the Black Sea from the Soviet Union, inside sight of Khrushchev's mid year home (Hersh 346). President Kennedy had before disregarded his guides and put atomic rockets in Turkey. Another factor was a danger by the US to one of the Soviet Union's satellite nations, Cuba (Hersh 346). The US had, previously, endeavored to murder Fidel Castro, tyrant of Cuba (Brinkley 1047). In July of 1962, the United States discovered that atomic rocket shipments were being made to Cuba. US U-2 covert operative planes flew over the island, bringing back reports of development and ballistic rockets (Cuban 744). The CIA found that 5,000 Russian military experts were in Cuba, and different military weapons were being emptied onto the island. At the point when U-2 action was expanded, reports demonstrated the nearness of SAMs (surface-to-air rockets) and torpedo pontoons with transport to-deliver rockets (Mills 233). On September 4, Soviet minister Anatoly Dobrynin met with Robert Kennedy to talk about a message from Khrushchev. As indicated by the message, the military development was guarded in nature and not militarily compromising. Robert F. Kennedy educated the minister that the United States would intently observe all military action in Cuba and cautioned of extreme results should the Soviets place hostile weapons (Mills 233). President Kennedy obviously didn't accept the message. He approached Congress for the position to activate over 100,000 reservists into deployment ready. The Soviets reaction was that they could fire rockets from Russia simply as from Cuba. Hostile rockets in Cuba, they contended, were in this way superfluous for a hostile base(Mills 234). Moreover, the United States had more than 3,000 atomic warheads and about 300 rocket launchers, contradicted to the Soviet Union's 250 warheads and 24 to 44 rocket launchers (Hersh 343). In any case, John Kennedy believed that Cuba could become a base for military activities at some random second. The United States had to be set up to confront it (Mills 234). Now in the emergency, John McCone, the CIA chief, was consistently sending President Kennedy reports of rockets fit for propelling an atomic warhead being sent to Cuba. As indicated by McCone, medium-run ballistic missiles(MRBMs) would be straightaway (Hersh 348). U-2's were sent to scout the west finish of Cuba. On October 14, the CIA revealed that development had started for MRBMs (Mills 235). In spite of the expanded condition of preparation in the US, numerous individuals didn't understand that the Soviet Union had done nothing on its home domain during the emergency. Its armada of ICBM launchers were not prepared nor were Soviet stores. There were not even any dangers against Berlin (Hersh 343). Despite what the Soviets stated, the US was still a long ways ahead in the atomic weapons contest. ICBM's were costly to construct and the Soviet Union didn't have a plenitude of cash. Introducing the littler rockets in Cuba was a lot less expensive than building more ICBMs. Khrushchev accepted that Kennedy would not contradict the structure of the rocket bases in Cuba on the grounds that the United States President had not contradicted Khrushchev previously (Mills 236). Not exclusively did he furtively put the rockets in Cuba, yet Khrushchev utilized Georgi Bolshakov and others to tell President Kennedy that rockets were not being sent to Cuba. The Soviet chief was wary to maintain a strategic distance from an immediate falsehood, despite the fact that he was unmistakably beguiling. In the end, Kennedy decided to trust Khrushchev over the CIA reports that were being dropped around his work area. Excom, the Executive Committee of the National Security Council, was furtively called. These were hand-picked counsels of Kennedy. The most current U-2 reports were appeared and clarified. Ninety miles

LSD Myths, Effects, Risks, and How to Get Help

LSD Myths, Effects, Risks, and How to Get Help Addiction Drug Use Hallucinogens Print What to Know About LSD Use By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 10, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on November 13, 2019 Verywell / Brianna Gilmartin More in Addiction Drug Use Hallucinogens Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery In This Article Table of Contents Expand What Does LSD Do? Common Side Effects Signs of Use Myths & Common Questions Tolerance, Dependence, & Withdrawal How to Get Help View All Back To Top LSD, or lysergic acid diethylamide, is a long-lasting psychoactive drug that  distorts and alters perceptions and sensations. In uncontrolled situations, LSD is one of the most potent mood-altering drugs available. It causes profound distortions in the users perception of reality that can last up to 12 hours. Although the use of LSD reached its peak in the 1960s and 1970s, the drug has been around since it was synthesized in 1938. It was synthesized from ergot, a fungus that grows on grains, such as rye.?? LSD is illegal in the U.S. where it is classified as a Schedule 1 drug.?? This suggests that the drug has a high potential for abuse. Also Known As: Common slang terms for LSD include Acid, California Sunshine, Hippie, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, Yellow Sunshine, and Zen.   Drug Class: LSD is a hallucinogenic drug, which means that it causes subjective changes to consciousness, emotions, and thoughts.   Common Side Effects: Some possible side effects of LSD include distorted perceptions, anxiety, depression, flashbacks, dilated pupils, and elevated blood pressure.   How to Recognize LSD LSD is usually sold in tablets or capsules, but sometimes in liquid form. The liquid is sometimes applied to absorbent paper, called window pane or blotter acid, which is cut up into individual doses. What Does LSD Do? Scientists believe that LSD works by influencing the receptors involved in the regulation of serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the brain. Serotonin is involved in the control of behavioral, perceptual, and regulatory systems including mood, motor control, sensory perception, hunger, body temperature, and sexual behavior. When this system is disrupted by taking LSD, it can cause profound distortions in the users perception of reality, or in other words, hallucinations.?? LSD users see images, hear sounds, and feel sensations that seem real even though they are not. These sensory hallucinations can be accompanied by rapid and intense emotional swings. Consequently, an LSD trip can go from being a pleasant experience to a very unpleasant one very quickly, making the effect of the drug extremely unpredictable. What the Experts Say Despite the fact LSD has been around for more than 70 years, there are few, if any, properly controlled research studies about the specific effects LSD has on the brains of those who use it. The research that does exist is comprised of smaller studies and case reports.?? One review of the research on LSD that has been conducted over the last 25 years found that: LSD increases feelings of closeness and trust in others.It makes people more open to suggestion.It enhances emotional empathy but impairs the ability to recognize fear.It increases interconnectivity in some brain networks.It has therapeutic potential, but more research is needed. There are a number of reasons why people use LSD despite the potential dangers. The hallucinogenic effects can seem pleasant. Because of the distorted perceptions and hallucinations that the drug can create, people often feel a sense of specialness or creativity, as if they are achieving an understanding that they could not normally reach without the drug. The problem for LSD users is that all of these effects, pleasant or unpleasant, are so difficult to predict. The same dose of the same batch of LSD can affect one person in a completely different manner from another person. Moreover, a user can be affected differently from one trip to the next taking the same amount and same kind of LSD. Off-Label Uses While LSD cannot be legally prescribed, research on the therapeutic potential of LSD is ongoing and some promising findings have emerged. Studies suggest that the drug may promote neuron growth and may be beneficial in the treatment of drug dependency, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. A 2014 study looked at the use of LSD-assisted psychotherapy in a small group of patients with anxiety. Results suggested that when used in such a controlled setting, LSD could be effective at reducing anxiety, although further research is needed. Common Side Effects Some of the most dramatic effects of LSD reported by researchers in smaller or case studies include: Dramatic changes in sensations and feelings.Feeling several different emotions at once.Swing rapidly from one emotion to another.Altered sense of time.Altered sense of self.Crossover senses, synesthesia (hearing colors, seeing sound)?? These altered perceptions and sensations can cause panic in LSD users.?? Some experience terrifying thoughts, feelings of despair, fear of losing control, fear of insanity, and fear of death. These experiences are what is known as having a bad trip. Scientists have also not been able to explain why some LSD users have flashbacks â€"a sudden recurrence of aspects an LSD trip without warning. These flashbacks can happen within a few days of the original use of the drug or sometimes more than a year later.?? The physical side effects of using LSD include loss of appetite, trouble sleeping, tremors, dry mouth, seizures, and nausea. Signs of Use Signs of LSD use can be distinctive, so you may be able to recognize that someone is using this substance. Some of the common signs of LSD use include: Dilated pupilsDisorientationConvulsionsFlushed skinIncreased body temperatureRambling, incoherent speechBizarre commentsAnxiety or paranoiaPoor appetiteHallucinationsDrug paraphernalia such as tablets, blotter paper, sugar cubes, or gelatin Symptoms of an LSD overdose can include panic attacks, psychosis, seizures, and delusions. If you suspect that someone has overdosed on LSD, contact emergency services immediately and try to keep the individual calm until help arrives. Myths and Common Questions One of the most common misconceptions about LSD is that it is the key to unlocking the inner mind. While people might feel that they are unlocking the secrets to inner awareness during an acid trip, such insights tend to be subjective. The perceptual and thought changes that take place when using the drug are not necessarily a way of understanding the self. Another common myth is that LSD leads to mental health problems. Although LSD can produce some extreme, short-term psychological effects, the use of psychedelic drugs (including LSD, psilocybin, and mescaline) have not been linked to the development of mental health problems. A study published in the British Journal of Psychopharmacology that involved 19,299 psychedelic users found no link between LSD use and past year:?? Serious psychological distressMental health treatmentSuicidal thoughtsSuicidal plansSuicide attemptDepressionAnxiety The researchers concluded there was no evidence that psychedelic use is an independent risk factor for mental health problems. Tolerance, Dependence, and Withdrawal LSD is not considered a physically addictive drug, but continued use will lead to tolerance. When people become tolerant to a drug, they need to take more in order to achieve the same effects. This can be particularly dangerous in the case of LSD because tolerance tends to build quickly and the effects of the drug can be so unpredictable.?? Even more troubling is the fact that LSD tolerance fades quickly, usually within 72 hours. This can result in people inadvertently using a potentially dangerous or deadly amount of the substance. How Long Does LSD Stay In Your System? People begin to feel the effects of LSD approximately 20 to 90 minutes after taking it. These effects can last up to 12 hours, although it may take up to 24 hours for the individual to return to their normal state. LSD can be detected by urine tests for up to five days and by hair follicle tests for up to 90 days. How Long Can LSD Be Detected? Addiction Fortunately, LSD is not addictive and most users eventually get tired of it and simply quit voluntarily, or decrease their use over time. While people do not become physically dependent or addicted to LSD, it is possible to develop a psychological dependence on the drug. People will often seek the drug as a way of reducing or eliminating the unpleasant symptoms associated with psychological withdrawal. Withdrawal Unlike many other substances, withdrawal from LSD is not usually accompanied by a host of negative physical symptoms. People are often able to stop using LSD on their own without experiencing unpleasant symptoms of physical withdrawal. Psychological symptoms, however, can be quite common and may include:   Difficulty concentratingConfusionDepressionFlashbacksAnxietyMood swingsSuicidal thoughtsPsychosisHallucinations How to Get Help LSD misuse can have a serious impact on both the individual and their loved ones. Treatment approaches can include outpatient or residential approaches that may incorporate cognitive-behavioral therapy, individual counseling, family therapy, and group therapy. While there are no medications available to treat LSD use, other medications may be used to treat symptoms of depression, anxiety, or other psychiatric conditions. Talk to your doctor if you are concerned about your LSD use. You can also call SAMHSAs National Helpline at 1-800-662-4357, or use their online treatment locator to find treatment services in your area.

Customer Service Vs. Business - 956 Words

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The definition of customer service often describes it as a process, which ensures customer satisfaction with a specific product or service. It is a process that can take the form of a face-to-face interaction, a phone call, a self-service system and often in today’s world through e-mail, online chat or other such form. Customer service is often the interaction the customer has with the company as they purchase the product or service. It often also manifests itself when things go wrong. Consumers often contact customer service departments when things have gone wrong withShow MoreRelatedMgt 501 Case 1 Essay1716 Words   |  7 Pagesin air travel. In order to be successful, they have to carry out their business from a certain value-based perspective â€Å"less for much less† and concentrate their attention on the following Key Success Factors of their industry which would be the overall low costs: overall low costs are essential to be able to offer cheap fares. 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My Beautiful Laundrette By Hanif Kureishi And Directed By...

My Beautiful Laundrette, a 1985 film written by Hanif Kureishi and directed by Stephen Frears, was heavily shaped by the surrounding social and economic climate taking place under Thatcherism. In the Thatcher era, an emphasis was put upon the return to Victorian values- including the encouragement of the self-made man, meaning that great importance was put upon individual interest as a opposed to communal ones. The government privatized industries that were formally nationalized. Inevitably, the gap between the upper and lower class increased. Under the conservative rule of Thatcher, other morals were encouraged such as the concept of a nuclear family, the preservation of British culture, ignoring or denouncing homosexuality, and†¦show more content†¦Considered to be â€Å"social realist† films, they reflected and acknowledged issues in present society and criticized Thatcherism. In 1982, Channel 4 was launched, a network that financed low-budget independent films and encouraged cultural diversity, giving voices to those who had continuously been ignored. With this in mind, it should be obvious that the majority of these films had an extreme opposition to Thatcher and the principles encouraged under her influence. My Beautiful Laundrette was among the numerous films produced by channel 4. Shot with 16mm film, typically used for home videos or documentaries, this only increased the sense of realism portrayed. The film had been made â€Å"so cheaply and quickly and out of love,† it was never expected t o reach any sort of commercial success or be viewed amongst a wide audience (Kureishi 1992) â€Å"Their success helped illustrate that it was possible to make films about non-traditional subjects and reach large audiences† (1992). Being produced by channel 4 and representing minority audiences, one can deduce that the core features of the film were to challenge ideologies under the rule of Thatcher, which both Stephen Frears and Krusichi have been critical of. Frears has stated, â€Å"She has divided the country between north and south, between the employed and unemployed, between the rich and the poor, between the people who’ve got

Aaliyah an Angel Back to Heaven Free Essays

Aaliyah: An Angel Back to Heaven When I was younger, I looked up to my older sister a great deal. Anything that she did, I wanted to do. She was like my hero, or that cartoon character ever child wanted to go up and be like. We will write a custom essay sample on Aaliyah: an Angel Back to Heaven or any similar topic only for you Order Now When my sister and I were growing up, we listened to a lot of music and watched a lot of cartoons, but only because she wanted to. My sister, Christine, had a favorite rapper and singer. Now her rapper choice I thought was great but he wasn’t my favorite. Christine, or sometimes Tine, favorite rapper was Tupac Shakur. Though we did not agree on the same rapper, we did however, agree on our favorite singer together. We both chose an artist by the name of Aaliyah Dana Haughton. The first time I heard her music I fell in love. Aaliyah D. Haughton was born on January 16, 1979 in Brooklyn, New York. She was one of the best recording artist of her time. I loved her voice and her style. She wasn’t the girly type of RB singer that was mostly seen. She had her own style and that is one of the things I loved about her. Another thing I loved about her is that her song spoke truth and had real meaning. She didn’t just make a song to try to make a hit. Aaliyah related to the emotions of her fans and connected people with her. Because of this, she was loved by so many different types of people. Though Aaliyah was a beautiful and talented artist, she did not get to have a long life legacy. After shooting her last video, â€Å"Rock the Boat†, in the Bahamas, she got on a plane and left to head back to the U. S. On Augusta 25, 2001, that plane did not make it to the United States. Because they were in a rush to get back home, because they finished the video shoot early, they had to get on a smaller plane with all of their luggage. Instead of landing on an airway back in the states, the plane crashed approximately 200 meters away from where it took off. The plane crashed killed everyone aboard, including my favorite singer Aaliyah. My sister came home and turned on the television. That’s when I saw it. I saw the plane burnt to black ash and people cleaning up the debris. The headline flashed, â€Å" Aaliyah killed in plane crash. † I was so heart broken. I couldn’t believe she was gone. I felt like I lost apart of me. Ever since that day, I never had a favorite singer. I felt like that place was reserved for her. People around the world knew she was special. They said she was just an angel here for a short time. She had to be sent back to heaven. This tragedy made a great impact on my life. It made me realize that even at a young age, commayou could leave this world. I have three older sisters but I only spent time trying to get close to one. That was my sister Christine, who I looked up to the most. After this accident, I started to bond more with my other two sisters. With this I also begin to bond more with my nieces, nephews, parents, and my younger cousins. Though Aaliyah was not a part of my own family, I felt like she was a family member I lost. She did more than entertain with her music. She was a role model for me. I loved her poise, her style, the way she talked, and just even the things she was about. Even though I did not know her personally by meeting her, I felt like I knew a great deal about her from her music and the things I use to read about her. Even though I was only eight years old when Aaliyah died, it impacted my life a great deal. Though I did not get to meet her personally, her death made me realize things at a young age. Of course I knew that everyone was to die, but that would happen when they were real old. It never occurred to me that young people died everyday until her death. Even at a very young age, it made me realize, though it had been preached in church, that everyday is not promised. When I started to bond with my family more, there were less problems and more laughter. I even helped my mother’s and father’s side of the family bond more. This has changed my life greatly, because I have such a great support system now. Though her death was a tragedy, it brought joy into my life and my family. How to cite Aaliyah: an Angel Back to Heaven, Essay examples

The Very Old Man with Enormous Wings free essay sample

Those who consider themselves religious might even consider themselves more grateful for life’s so called many miracles. Gabriel Garcia Marquez addresses this issue in his short story â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings. † The old saying â€Å"seeing is believing† does not apply to the characters of this story, as they struggle to make sense of such an outlandish old man, that appears to be an angel. This satirical piece uses the old man as a symbol of faith and religion to mock the role that they play in people’s lives, as well as the overall skeptical nature of humans in general. Although the old man’s true identity is never known, he is described as a decrepit creature, with no real distinction from other human beings other than his enormous wings. Instead of having a graceful elegant appearance that is normally associated with angels, he is stated as having â€Å"buzzard wings, dirty and half-plucked. We will write a custom essay sample on The Very Old Man with Enormous Wings or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † The description of the old man is one way of demonstrating the human need to reduce the meaning of significant events. An angel like creature has landed in their yard, yet more emphasis is put on the ugliness of the old man. Marquez writes, â€Å"†¦ his pitiful condition of a drenched great grandfather had taken away any sense of grandeur that he might have had. † This goes to show how people’s expectations of miracles can blind them from the beauty of what is before them. Despite all of the indications that he is not of the natural world, Pelayo and Elisenda conclude that it is a castaway sailor simply due to his incomprehensible dialect. This suggests that people by nature question their own instincts, and strive to rationalize even the most unexplainable events at all costs. Even after writing off his presence as an unfortunate sailor, they still call on their neighbor who is said to know â€Å"everything about life and death. † She is one of the prime examples Marquez uses to characterize the narrow-minded nature of humans. This supposed all-knowing woman even suggests beating the so called angel to death, an exemplification of how easily demeaning humans can be of what they do not understand. Even after their son has recovered from his illness, they are still skeptical of the old man and think it is an act of compassion to want to send him out on the seas with hardly any provisions. Instead of seeing the old man as a compassionate angel who has healed their son, they still view him as a wretched old soul with whom they want nothing to do with. This shows people’s desire to run from things they cannot comprehend, instead of having faith in the power of such marvels. Marquez pokes fun at religion as an institution, through the letters from Father Gonzaga’s religious superiors. The only mail from the bishop, contained inquiries about the whether or not a navel was present, and if his language had any connection to Aramaic. Gonzaga’s superior ask how many times he can fit on the head of a pin, which is a reference to the medieval philosophy that angels could fit infinitely on the head of a pin due to their lack of physical self. This showcases the literal-mindedness of the Catholic Church, which is proven to be in this case, completely out of touch with reality. Instead of wanting to examine the old man themselves, the Catholic Church wastes time with stupid questions that provide no more insight than anyone else who has seen him. The only conclusion that the Catholic Church offers is the absurd notion that the old man is a stranded Norwegian with wings. Father Gonzaga is no more than an example of how skeptical people are despite their claims of faith and religion. Faith is about believing in things that are sometimes unseen. Even with proof in front of his eyes, he follows the word of his superiors blindly, instead of his faith. This is an example of how some need their beliefs to be warranted by certain religious procedures and the approval of others, rather than their own heart. The lack of faith here is illustrated by the need for a finite answer from the religiously superior. Even those who believe the old man to be an angel come to visit him with their own selfish agendas. A man who cannot sleep, a paralyzed man who cannot walk, a sleep walker, and others with serious ailments come from far and wide expecting answers and healing, even after the harsh treatment and abuse that the old man has been subject to. Marquez uses these people to represent how religion is misused to attract those who only use it as a backup for when they are out of options. There is no real faith found in any of the characters, for as soon as they realize he will not participate in his own exploitation, they consider the few phenomena such as sunflowers growing out of a leper’s abrasions, as â€Å"consolation miracles. Pelayo and Elisenda, as reluctant and fatigued they are with the old man, are more selfish than the pilgrims. Their only reason for keeping him around is to gain profit from the desperate souls of those who seek healing from him, like how many people only seek the benefits that they believe religion can offer them. Instead of seeing religion as a spiritual institution, they only run to it when they need something, and when it benefits them. They find no satisfaction in the virtues of Christianity or Catholism, but instead are interested only in what it offers them. Even after these â€Å"consolation miracles† that the angel performs, they still continue to mistreat him, and make a roadside attraction out of his condition. The lack of faith in people is demonstrated even more so through the character of the spider woman. After mistreating the angel for their own personal advantage, another carnival act is brought into the picture. The story of the woman who was turned into a spider becomes much more appealing to the villagers, as she is willing to participate in their mockery. Her story is much more relatable to the people in the story, and they quickly dismiss the old man as old news. This exhibits how people are so quick to flee from religion when something more appealing is brought to them. While the angel represents true faith, and the patience it requires, the spider symbolizes how fickleness of people in their approach with their own faith. The spider woman’s story is easy to understand, and makes the feel better about themselves. The explanation of the spider woman’s supernatural state is accepted due to its mere simplicity, while belief in the supernatural old man wanes because of it complexity. Marquez is suggesting that people are interested in results, and that result oriented faith isn’t really faith at all. This is prevalent in today’s society when people flock to Christianity because of the promises of eternal life, and God answering their prayers. People expect to have easier lives if they put their faith in God, but are disappointed when they learn that it is not all about them. Instead of practicing patience as the old man does in the story, their inconsistent hearts soon give up and move on to the next best thing. As human beings, it is on our nature to seek physical evidence to justify our faith. What many of us do not realize, as Marquez tries to point out, is that real faith does not need to be justified by a physical manifestation of what we believe in. Every character of this story aside from the old man with enormous wings is an example of the lack of faith found in today’s society. We are so easy to overlook the wonders of everyday life because of our need to rationalize everything. Marquez’s tale goes to show that having genuine faith requires more than just your eyes.

A Genealogist’s Guide to Deciphering Old German Script - The Writers For Hire

A GENEALOGIST’S GUIDE TO DECIPHERING OLD GERMAN SCRIPT If you’ve ever dabbled in genealogy, you know that reading the print on old documents can be a daunting task. Not only is the writing hard to read (especially on documents that have not been well maintained), but the formation of the letters is often different from what we see today. Well, if you think that is hard, just wait until you attempt to decipher old family records that were written in German! Before the 1940s, most of the records in German-speaking areas were printed in a Gothic font called Fraktur. And the handwritten documents were a cursive variation of this Fraktur, which means they are even more complicated to read. Even if you are proficient in the German language, these old documents often look like they were written in chicken scratch. No need to worry, though. While reading these documents is definitely tricky, it is not impossible. There are a lot of tricks to help you learn to â€Å"crack the Fraktur code.† Just check out this great article from Family Tree Magazine for some helpful hints, as well as a great list of online tools dedicated to making your research a little less intimidating.

Aniety essays

Aniety essays Jenny Bishop September 3, 1998 Social Phobias Everyone is afraid of something. Everyone experiences nervousness, anxiety and even in superior feelings around certain people. Some people possess these feelings so deeply that their fear is considered irrational. Even they realize that it is irrational and that they have a phobia. Millions of people suffer from phobias every day of their lives. The third largest psychological disorder in the United States is what psychologists have labelled a social phobia. A social phobia is the fear of social situations and the interactions with other people that can automatically bring on feelings of self-consciousness, judgement, evaluation, and scrutiny. They cannot overcome a social phobia without the patient first grasping exactly what triggers their fears, and then learning how to receive proper help. A social anxiety disorder or social phobia is the constant fear of being criticized or evaluated by other people. People with a social phobia are nervous, anxious, and afraid about many social situations. Simply attending a business meeting or going to a company party can be highly nerve wracking and intimidating. Although people with social anxiety want very much to be social with everyone else, their anxiety about not doing well in public is strong and hinders their best efforts. They freeze up when they meet new people, especially authority figures. They are particularly afraid that other people will notice that they are anxious, so this fear enables the anxiety to grow and turn into a vicious cycle. One example, a woman hates to stand in the grocery store because she is afraid that everyone is watching her. She knows that it is not really true, but she cannot shake the feeling. While she is shopping, she is conscious of the fact that people might be staring at her from the big mirrors on the inside front of the ceiling. Now, she has to talk to the person who is checking out the grocerie ...

Ernest Rutherford and Nuclear Physics contributions Research Paper

Ernest Rutherford and Nuclear Physics contributions - Research Paper Example His father was a wheelwright, his mother a schoolteacher (Campbell). He moved once or twice, though staying in New Zealand the entire time, and attending different schools when he moved (Campbell). Though Ernest as a boy liked tinkering with clocks, and loved to make models of the wheels that were used in the mills, he did not show any real passion for science during childhood (Mahanti, 2011). Most of his education came through the winning of scholarships, first to Nelson College in 1889, then on to Canterbury College at the University of New Zealand, where he first developed an interest in electrical science, running experiments that would determine whether or not iron was magnetic at a high magnetizing frequency (Campbell). After failing in three attempts to secure a teaching position after university, and briefly considering medicine, he took odd jobs tutoring students to help make ends meet while continuing to experiment in electrical science. In 1895 he won a scholarship to Camb ridge University to work with instructor J.J. Thomson (Campbell). Thomson, who was quick to realize Rutherford’s exceptional ability as a researcher as he had already designed several original experiments involving high-frequency, alternating currents, invited him to become a member of the team to study of the electrical conduction of gases. The pair soon became not only researcher and student but also good friends, and Rutherford was able to take Thomson’s theories and improve on them, breaking the ground to make a lasting impression on nuclear physics today. Rutherford developed several ingenious techniques to study the mechanism Thomson was using, whereby normally insulating gases became electrical conductors. In studying this matter, Rutherford commented that when a high voltage is applied across them, a clear view was given of the mechanism of the transport of electricity through the gases by the means of charged ions (Rutherford 1904). He also worked jointly with Thomson on the behavior of the ions observed in gases that had been treated with X-rays (a recent discovery), as well as the mobility of ions in relation to the strength of the electric field. It did not hurt in any way that Thomson was the one to discover that the â€Å"atom†, then known as the smallest unit of matter, was not in fact the smallest, but made up of even smaller particles, giving yet another area of interest for Rutherford to experiment with (Mahanti, 2011). When the Macdonald Chair of Physics at McGill University in Montreal became vacant in 1898, Rutherford left for Canada to take up the post. He promptly made a name for himself by discovering the element of radon, a chemically inactive but extremely radioactive gas (Campbell). While at McGill, he also did the work that gained him the 1908 Nobel Prize in Chemistry by demonstrating that radioactivity was the spontaneous disintegration of atoms. With the help of a young chemist, Frederick Soddy, he began to un ravel the mysteries of radioactivity and contributed directly to nuclear physics as we know it today by proving that some heavier radioactive elements spontaneously decay into slightly lighter atoms (Mahanti, 2011). In this, Rutherford noticed that in a sample of radioactive material, it invariably took the same amount of time for half the sample to decay - its â€Å"

Interpersonal Relationship with Boss Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Interpersonal Relationship with Boss - Assignment Example This research tells that the biggest current pressure that Dr. Khalifa was going through is in responding to regulatory compliance issues within his campuses that are below the required student-employment rates. He also suggested that he is under pressure in reducing expenses religion wide. Outside his working condition, he told me that he is passionate about cycling and reading. Dr. Khalifa said that he enjoyed reading but could not cycle due to health problems. He has expertise in the medical sector as a medical doctor and had practiced it in the Middle East. He concurred to this and added that he is also an expert in computer repair and global finance activities. With a lot of care in delivering the lack of expertise to Dr. Khalifa, I suggested that he lacked people skills which he gladly accepted and said that he needed to work on his approach with people. Growth which entails quality and integrity was the vision for the organization according to my assessment. In spite of this, he added it was the same vision region-wide. My assessment revealed that He would be very angered if his subordinates did not follow his specific rules. He added that his disappointment would be felt if someone lied to him. Dr. Khalifa expects me to handle small issues that arose on my own. On the contrary, when major problems occur, he expects me to be as thorough and transparent in explaining to him the problem matter as well as involving him in the solution aspect of it. This should be documented to his satisfaction. In matters of compromise, he said he has zero tolerance for dishonesty and lack of integrity. He added that he will not tolerate being blindsided. He said that he has always had the fear of being segregated in important communication. A great day at work was one that was productive in driving results. Although my assessment was not ruled out, he added that he preferred that every day ends with a learning opportunity to better at what we do. I however disagreed with h is responses as his actions/ behavior differed with his answer.

Analysis Of Wagyu Beef In Australia Economics Essay

Analysis Of Wagyu Beef In Australia Economics Essay This paper presents the strategic adviser specializing internationalization recommendation to company which pursue to grow their businesses overseas. First of all, this paper explains the business problem of this case that is the basis of expanding the business to the global market. Second, analyze the Wagyu beef with the consumer behavior in the US. And then present the policy and legalization in the US for Australian exporter. Next section is the basis and information of the ABC Company that needs to expand the business to the US. After that, the table presents the trend of value in the US and trend of import beef to the US. Moreover, this paper confirms the channel to expand the product, SWOT analysis, and PESTEL Framework. Lastly, this paper illustrates the approaches that can expand the product to international market. Introduction Nowadays, the beef market in Australia is limited because there are over suppliers in the market. Australia is the second largest farming to produce beef in the world, therefore many companies in Australia try to expand market share to international market. The US market is interested to export the product. There are three principle reasons to attract the exporter such as the number of people in the market, customer behavior and the culture and tradition. However, many companies get the failure from global business because they have the shortage knowledge in the cross culture and customer behavior. This paper analyzes the environment to expand the business to the US. The Business Problem ABC Company is the company that produces Wagyu, which is the premium beef. Australian beef market is growing to be the largest agriculture in 2009. Information from Australian Natural Resources Atlas confirms that Australia use the space to make the cattle farm approximately 220 million hectares that is the most area to spent in the agriculture industry. Therefore there are over suppliers in Australia. People in the country have many choices to choose beef in the domestic market. Moreover, beef market in Australia has the high competitive, so many cattle farmers try to find the markets that still have the power to purchase product. However, the companies have the good relationship with the customers because the companies produce the quality of product in order to make the loyalty of customers and repeat to purchase product with the companies. Market in the Australia has over suppliers and the limit customers, therefore the companies need to expand its product to the US that the large st market to consume beef. The beef market in the US is increasing to consume beef and the largest market in the world. Furthermore, most of people in the US eat beef that is the main food, so the number of beef is the second of all kind of meat. Indeed, the companies have more power to produce Wagyu beef, but the requirement in Australia has the limit because there are number of people in Australia approximately 22 million people that less than the US about 290 million people. The companies can expand the product in 10 times of the people in the domestic market. The companies should learn about the culture, legalization, behavior of the consumers, environment and more. Before the companies invest to expand business to there. However, this is the opportunity to extend the product to the large country.The US is the worlds richest market and Australias second biggest export purpose with a nine per cent share of Australias export market. The US is Australias only biggest market and ass et partner. Australia is the 14th biggest export endpoint for the US and the eighth biggest foreign investor in the USA. Analysis Wagyu Beef in Australia Wagyu or Kobe beef is the famous beef in the Japan. Wagyu has the good feather such as inherent marbling ability, softer fats enhancing meat flavor, high nutrition, finer meat texture, back fat not excessive.The beef industries produce and develop beef products for domestic and export markets especially the US market. Australia is one of the biggest exporters of beef in the world, trade that is very appreciated to its economy.Beef cattle production is extentthrough the country, and carried out under sodifferentsituations. While beef is a top farming export earner, there is increasing interest in other meat product such as pork, game such as deer, goat and buffalo (Australian Government, 2009). For Australian beef is guaranteed the quality by customers in Japan that the original country to produce Wagyu beef. Australia Wagyu Association is the organization that improves the quality of Wagyu beef to the global standard. Likewise, this organazation gives the knowledge to the farmers tha t the factor to produce the quality product. The good quality beef will get the good feed in all of their life. The food of them is the importance factor to build the good health for them and create the strong point to the product from Australia. Many countries accept the product from Australia USA business and economy and trade policy and custom regulation Kidane (2003) mentions that the United States is frequently established as one of the leader of destinations for foreign direct investment. Unquestionably, the legalization systems strengths point contributes to this case. The United States is the first country partial self-government on the base of morals. The legalization system in the US contains of three measures: executive, legislative, and judicial. It has been showed essentially that this construction can guarantee the legalization systems effective process. Some of characteristic features should be disturbed by the global investors. Anevaluation from the World Bank difficult 181 countries shows the United States ranks third for luxury of doing business overall, first with esteem to employing workers, and sixth in terms of enforcing contracts. In addition, the high quality of the U.S. legalization system overall is protected by the open investment policy, which is based on the standard of national management specifically, that international investors should not be preserved differently from domestic investors. Although no system is impeccable in all esteems, the United States is justifiably satisfied of the overall high quality of its legalization system and the level of international investment subject to its protection. Basic customer profile There are many kinds of consumer behaviors because the people in the US come from several countries. They have the difference ages, genders, races, regions, and incomes. Moreover, income levels in totally difference in the social that the factor to define the customer level in the company market. The target of ABC Company is the high income because the Wagyu beef has the high price and high quality. In terms of age and gender, there are the difference kinds of beef to eat as the number of consuming consist of male teenager had over 50 pounds per person in the ground beef. Moreover, there are the men ages between 20 and 39 old having about 30.35 pounds love to eat stake beef. Overall in female eat beef approximately 56.23 pounds per person. In stake category, there were only 3.96 pounds per person that means the female do not prefer to eat stake. The conclusion of statistic with the people in the US is the men love to eat beef more than the female approximately two times of total beef in the US market. On the part of geographic and income, residents of the Midwest expended the highest beef of any section, consuming at 72.92 pounds per capita. In the other word, American in the Northeast had the least beef, only 62.53 pounds per person (allbusiness.com, 2009). Value of U.S. beef industry statistics for last five years in The US Year Value of U.S. beef industry 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 $70 billion $71 billion $71 billion $74 billion $76 billion Year U.S. cattle imports 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 1.371 million head 1.816 million head 2.289 million head 2.495 million head 2.284 million head Follow this table (United Department of agriculture, 2009) there was a continue increasing in the consumer beef in the US. Then, the customers has expanded in this country, ABC Company can the import the product to support the needs in this market by using the appropriate strategy to present the product. In the part of quality, the company has the strength point to compete because the company develops and control cattle farm follow the law of Australia that guarantees the quality from the customer around the world. Moreover, the company has many experiences to make the business success in the Australia. In the other hands, the company does not have the experience in global market that has difference culture and customer behaviors. Firstly, the farmers in the US have the efficiency to produce the beef. Furthermore, they do not have the tariffs about the policy and legal system. The government supports the farmers in the country. However, ABC Company still has the premium product that has the niche market that is people love the premium beef for good healthy. Second, beef from Japan is the original country for Wagyu beef or Kobe beef. However, Japan has the limited areas to produce the product. Therefore, Most of Wagyu beef is imported from Australia because the quality of beef is quit same with beef in Japan. This point is the strong point to guarantee the beef that produce in Australia. Marketing and distribution channel to reach customers ABC Company should find the company that is the premium restaurant to make a joint venture. Joint venture means a prescribed contract joining together two or more groups for the objective of performing a specific business task. All of the groups accept to share in the benefit and damages of the enterprise (investword.com, 2009).This approach will help the company to distribute its product in the US. Moreover, joint venture is short term strategy in order to open the new market. First time in other market has high risk about the culture, and consumer behaviors. This way, the company reduces risk because the partner company has the knowledge and experience in this market. ABC Company should make the presentation only part of product and the belief to the target groups. Besides the partner company has the channel to distribute the products; therefore the company just adds the capacity to distribute the product and the ways to keep the quality of product to the customers. SWOT analysis Strengths Firstly the research to develop the quality of product is the Australian Natural Resources Atlas. From the research, Wagyu beef which produce in Australia is accepted in the several countries and push Australia to be the second exporter in the world. Secondly, Wagyu beef that produce in Australia has the good quality for healthy because the fat in beef is softer fats enhancing meat flavor, high nutrition, finer meat texture, back fat not excessive. It is the best beef quality and reduces the risk of fat excessive. Lastly, ABC Company has long term experience in domestic market; hence the company has the knowledge in requirement of product and the standard of quality. Weakness First, ABC Company does not have the experience in the US market that has the difference customer behaviors from Australia. Moreover, the culture in purchasing, distribution is totally difference from Australia. No one knows the ABC brand that popular in Australia; the company has to make the advertising to present the product to the customer in the US. Then geographic factor, the company has the import cost that add in the product. Besides, when the company has the problems in the other country, it cannot solve the problem immediately because of geographic concern. Opportunity The US is the largest market to consume beef; there is the number of people more than people in Australia approximately 290 million people or 10 times of Australian people. And the import policy for Australia exports product not too much conditions. The US beef market continues grow for the exporter. The customer in US considers the quality of beef in the first priority and concern about the customer healthy. Wagyu can response in the healthy topics of the customer behavior. Threats The domestic farmers are growing to compete with the exporter. The number of local farmer is increasing from supporting of government. In the part of price, the price of beef in the local is lower than the beef from Australia. That factor makes the weak point to Australian exporter. However, the target group of the company is the groups that love the high quality beef, so the price is not the main factor to make a decision. PESTEL Framework Political in the US concentrate in the free trade market, so ABC Company can get the competitive advantage. From this point, the law does not prevent the foreign company to invest in the US. The readjustment of American global free trade agreement device has an important consequence on the development of world economic incorporation. Economic part, as the worlds largest trading nation, the United States of America is the worlds principal importer. In 2008, the total U.S. trade shortage was $695.9 billion, which contains $2.5 trillion in imports (Willis, 2009). The US has a growing number of agriculture imported products from Australia, who appears to increase more chances in trades between the US and Australia. Australian beef is one of the most competitive beef products in the world. Social, American had beef for a long time both of the Native American and the people in the city. Many restaurants have the beef that is the main thing in cooking such as hamburger that the popular food uses ground beef in the main category. In term of kind of beef, most of people love to eat the beef that soft with the marbling that has the red meat switch a bit fat. Wagyu beef or Kobe beef has the quality both meat and fat color and especially for taste. Technology, Australia Wagyu Association is established in order to reaction a real demand and need for quality figures that improves from the marbling bulgy in the Japanese heredities. As the result, the company uses the information to make the good quality product. Environmental, most of people in the US eat beef approximately 70 pounds per person. Also there was a rapid increasing in the percentage of importer beef to the US from 1.38 billion pounds to 2.64 billion pounds between 2007 and 2009. From this information, ABC Company has the occasion to extend the market to the US; there are many demands in this market and the power to chase the premium beef. Legal, the US tries to support the farmers in domestic. As the result, the price of beef in the US decreases, so the competitive advantage of the foreign producer is falling because the foreign farmer has transportation cost and custom cost. Conclusions and recommendations ABC Company needs to expand the product to the international market because of the over suppliers in the domestic market. Therefore, the US market that still has the power to purchase the product is the target for ABC Company. However, the company should have the quality of product to attract the customers. The price of product should be defined by comparing with the competitors in the market. Moreover, the strategy to distribute the product is the importance factor to keep the quality and make the difference from other rivals. Promotion is the factor to create the competitive advantage to the company. In the first period, the company should reduce the price and make the advertising to present the product in the market and find the target in the luxury restaurant and premium market.

Analysis: Decision Making In Kava Essay

Decision making is one of the important and crucial aspects in running a business that business executives delegate to their subordinates, in the hope that those they think are qualified to make sound decisions indeed make very good decisions that will always be for the best interest of the company. Decision making is a privilege, but it is nonetheless a difficult task that cannot be avoided. Because of its importance and the difficulty that goes along with decision making, professionals over time managed to draft certain decision making techniques that can help those who find themselves in a great difficulty over the inability to produce a decision making process that will guarantee the providing of the best result possible for a particular business scenario. Decision-making technique to identify the solution – There are several business models of decision making techniques that anyone can utilize; there are no perfect techniques for decision making, what is important is that the person manages to identify the technique that suits his or her needs best. For the case that is being tackled in this paper, the decision making technique which will be utilized is the Measured Criterion technique. What is the Measured Criterion technique? In the Measured Criterion technique, the individual will have to create a table or matrix wherein important goals as well as options to attain the goal(s) is/are identified to allow the person/organization making the decision to look at the goal and the options they can take and decide which option they will resort to. Why is the Measured Criterion the ideal decision making technique for the particular case being discussed in this paper? It is the ideal decision making technique for this particular case because the Measured Criterion style will allow Nik and Alex to plot and identify the particular goals that they need to accomplish so that they can achieve their ultimate goal – to act as catalysts in the island so that their company can have a greater and broader business presence in Kava. These particular goals will definitely open up options for both Nik and Alex, and when there are two persons deciding, there is a very good chance that they may not opt for the same course of action. But through the use of the Measured Criterion, every option is designated with a numerical equivalent that suggests the range and probable efficacy, practicality, comfort and other aspects and characteristics of a particular option, from which the decision will be based. This information will be used on how the decisions and options are considered and weighed. For example, Part 1 of Nik’s planning involved the human resources part. For example, during the decision making process on whether Nik and Alex should advice its head office on hiring Kava local’s to work for the company when its expands its operation and presence in the island, the decision can be based after consulting the Measured Criterion chart, which would reflect points represented in numerical significance – what are the points for opting for hiring locals and the probability that they will stay long and loyal to the company compared to using non-locals to work in Kava and the corresponding level or chances that these particular type of employees will stay long and loyal in the Kava office of the company? Having identified these issues and other issues involved in the decision making task of Nik and Alex necessary to accomplish the goal delegated to them by their company, there is a better guarantee that the option they will take are considered very well and that there are minimized chances that Nik and Alex left something out unintentionally. Steps in decision making – Following the guidelines necessary to undertake the Measured Criterion technique for decision making, the steps towards decision making of the company so that it can achieve its goal in Kava will include the following steps: identification of the course of action needed to be taken, identification of the existence of alternatives and wide variety of options present for every step or action to be taken, the providing of the necessary data and points consistent with the style of Measured Criterion so that every action that presents many different options will reflect the best and worst possible option for the company to take, and lastly, the deliberation on whether the best option as reflected in the Measured Criterion tables should be taken first en route to the actualization of the business plan. During the process of decision making to attain the goal of having the business expand in Kava, Nik will have to identify key information to aid his decision making and provide information in the measured criteria table for further deliberation and consideration. This is important since there are what Luo consider as â€Å"international expansion imperatives† that act as â€Å"building blocks on which a wide variety of international expansion strategies, decisions, and policies are based. They are imperatives because they cannot be unlinked from the decision making process during international expansion (Luo, 1999, p. 6). † Decision making technique analysis – Why is the Measured Criterion selected and used as the decision making technique to assist in the goal of Nik and Alex to undertake the creation of a business plan that will allow their company to grow in Kava? As explained in Virtualsalt. om about how Measured Criteria works, this particular decision makin g technique can help the task at hand (which is the planning of the company on how to have a greater business presence in Kava) by providing a way in which the target goals for the accomplishment of the business plan is already laid out and the corresponding alternatives and options of the company are weighed correctly. Nik, who is an important player in the effort of the company to expand in Kava, needs to be equipped with a decision making technique which would allow him to be able to sort things out and plot the objectives and goals he needs to accomplish, identify his options and plot the strengths and weaknesses of each and every option so that he can pick the best option, use it and contribute to the overall efforts of him and Alex in the achieving of the company’s business goal in Kava for which Nik was sent there for. The Measured Criterion can provide Nik with the style that will enable Nik to efficiently and systematically sort things out. The situation in Kava, with all the confusion that was illustrated in the case scenario, will take its toll on Nik’s ability to focus his mind and his thoughts, and using the Measured Criterion will help offset the negative impact of the messy surroundings in the place. Don Aslett, in his book The Office Clutter Cure, points out that â€Å"a poorly kept workplace makes everyone tense† and that â€Å"too much stuff around is distracting (Aslett, 2005, p. 20). Proposed Solution – The proposed solution for the expansion of the company in Kava includes the implementation of a business action plan that includes human resources, marketing and business strategy. The company should consider the hiring of locals and consider the socio economic and socio political impact of this action to the locals and the government of Kava, including ensuing empathy and support and stabilization of the company; the company should also realign its business strategy so that it will suit the diversity in culture and the heterogeneity of the people present in the island which will be affected in many different ways by the business; the company should also consider the logistics that the company will have to shoulder and address should the company expand operation and business presence in the island, with a back up study on the financial impact of such logistics adjustment on the overall performance of the company; and lastly, the company should plot a timeline to allow themselves the opportunity to measure the positive yield and impact this move will make to the company, so that in the event that the move is deemed as unproductive or lacks promise financially an d business-wise, appropriate remedies can be set up and implemented to cover losses and redirect expansion actions by the company. Examining the decision making model – The use of the Measured Criterion will work well in this particular condition with one consideration in mind: that both Nik and Alex make honest appraisals and put corresponding numerical symbolisms of the importance of each item presented in the matrix. Toney explains that â€Å"other researchers have shown conclusively that the most common reason for organizational failure is flawed decision making† (Toney, 2002, p. 21), and the only way for Nik and Alex to avoid having a flawed decision making is to make sure that the decision making process is free from personal agenda and other politics that go against the best interest of the company. As in the use of any decision making technique, the absence of honesty and objectivity in the part of individuals make human error a significant factor. If Nik uses the Measured Criterion in a way that there is a controlled outcome in numerical value because Nik wants the outcome to correspond with his personal wants and desires (i. e. to leave Kava since Nik expresses dislike in the island), the credibility of the Measured Criterion and the decision that was reached is jeopardized, as with the use of any other decision making technique so long as there is an effort to manipulate the outcome.

Competing through Operation: KFC Report Essay

INTRODUCTION The report focuses on KFC – the leading chicken fast food restaurant in the world, and one of the largest players in the fast food market. By using five performance objectives and various research methods, the report aims to  analyze how the restaurant perform and manage its operation capacity in order to provide qualified food and service to the customers. Besides, the restaurant’s capacity constrains and capacity strategies are discussed base on the primary data from KFC Union Street, Bristol City centre. It would link to the relationship between Capacity strategy and five performance objectives (Slack et al, 2004), as well as, how they support each other. COMPANY PROFILE KFC first starts in 1930s, when Harland Sanders opened his restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky. KFC now spreads out to more than 100 countries with around 15500 outlets worldwide. Of these, there are more than 800 restaurants located in the UK. The restaurant has concentrated on fried-chicken-on-bone products under the name Original Recipe and expanded the offers with other items include chicken sandwiches and chicken wings, as well as, biscuits, mashed potatoes, corn, potato wedges and desserts. The new line-grilled chicken with fewer calories, fat and salt than the Original Recipe- was launched in 2009. It was called â€Å"one of the biggest new product rollouts in the history of the company† by the KFC president Roger Eaton. Being tested in many regions included the UK; this new line has been well received as a healthier alternative which retains good in taste. The following part will discuss about how KFC applies five performance objectives (Slack et al, 2004) into its operation and which of the five objectives is concentrated on. FIVE PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES The theory has been applied for many companies worldwide for over 10 years in order to manage operating performance. Due to the limitation of resources, each company tends to put only some of the five objectives in priority  during particular periods. It is considered as one of smart methods to maximize profits. Source: (Adapted from Slack et al, 2004) FIGURE1. FIVE PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES Figure 1 explains the idea and meaning of five performance objectives (Slack et al, 2004) in general. QUALITY is the responsibility to always provide the good product or service that company has claimed. It also requires doing the right thing at the right time and meeting customer specifications, which give customer satisfactions. In KFC, main factors listed as Quality objective are quality of food (delicious, tasty, fresh, healthy, etc), quality of service (clean, supportive, friendly, etc)†¦ SPEED is defined as how fast the company responds their customers. This is one of the most important things required in fast food restaurant, especially in rush hours. Applying to KFC restaurant, speed objective is considered as the elapsed time between customers’ placing orders and the food or services being delivered. FLEXIBILITY measures how much variety in products, services, and solutions for a dynamic market environment in order to meet customers’ need. It is shown as KFC’s various menus, the launch of line â€Å"Grilled Chicken†, the more customization, etc DEPENDABILITY is doing things on time as promises. It not only gains customer’s trust but also has an influence on cost, which are saving money, saving time and giving stability to improve the efficiencies (Strecker, Ulrich, 2011). In KFC, it is on-time deliveries. COST is the product or service price that enables company compete the market, as well as ensure the return. The company aims to maximize their profit;  therefore, reducing the cost is necessary. Cost objective in KFC is measured by the cost of food, cost of manager and staff’s salaries, etc. The Polar diagram below shows how KFC restaurant performs in manager, staff and customer perspectives base on the data that was collected. (Adapted from Slack et al, 2004, p58) FIGURE2. POLAR DIAGRAM OF KFC RESTAURANT The Polar diagram is designed by the result of KFC manager’s interview, staff’s questionnaire and customers’ questionnaire (Appendix 1.0, appendix 2.0 and appendix 3.0). According to KFC manager, the restaurant is performing quite well in quality, cost and dependability objectives while speed needs to improve, especially in rush hours (16:00pm to 20:00pm). Staff and customers have the same opinion about improving speed objective in KFC. â€Å"Although we have 8 queues† – as the manager – â€Å"it is hard to serve a large number of customers at 19pm. However, we tend to give the staffs more training sessions to increase their speed in taking order and cooking. Focusing on people will push up dependability, flexibility and speed all.† (Appendix 3.0) It is the fact that most of the customers want a lower price for their food and services. However, with a fixed price tag, the restaurant tries their best to prove that the food and service offered to customers are worth their paying. The next part of report will focus on how the restaurant meets its customer’s fluctuating demand. CAPACITY The capacity of an operation is the highest level of value added after certain period of time that the process would be able to achieve under certain conditions (Slack et al, 2001). It includes: actual output, design capacity and effective capacity. FIGURE3. CAPACITY OF KFC RESTAURANT ON UNION STREET, BRISTOL Planned losses Avoidable losses Actual capacity 1929 people Planned losses Effective capacity 2331 people Design capacity 2680 people (Adapt from Slack et al, 2001) The figure is resulted from calculations below. DESIGN CAPACITY Design capacity is â€Å"the capacity which its technical designers had in mind when they commissioned the operation† (Slack et al, 2001, p335). The KFC restaurant on Union Street is the largest KFC outlets in Bristol which can serve maximum 100 customers a day (approximate number from KFC manager). Design capacity Daily 100 people Weekly 670 people (7 working days, less working hours on Sunday) Monthly 2680 people EFFECTIVE CAPACITY While design capacity is â€Å"everything according to a plan†, effective capacity helps to show what might happen if something not goes as a plan. Effective  capacity is calculated as design capacity minus planned losses, which is 13% (from KFC manager). Effective capacity Daily 87 people (100 – 100Ãâ€"13%) Weekly 582people (670 – 670Ãâ€"13%) Monthly 2331 people (2680 – 2680Ãâ€"13%) ACTUAL OUTPUT Actual output is the amount of a product that a production facility actually produces, as opposed to the amount that it could produce if it were to run at full theoretical capacity. It is calculated as design capacity minus planned losses and avoidable losses which is 15% (from KFC manager). Actual output Daily 72 people (100 – 100x[13%+15%]) Weekly 482 people (670 – 670x[13%+15%]) Monthly 1929 people (2680 – 2680x[13%+15%]) Planned losses: Public holidays (Christmas, New Year, etc) Human issues (Illness, pregnant †¦) The time customers waiting to be served Avoidable losses: Weather (Storm, heavy snow, etc) Machine failure. CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS Capacity constraints are considered as factors that limit the number of customers served by operation (Dettmer, 2003). For KFC, these are: number of staffs, number of queues, available eating space, speed of cooking and delivering. These factors would push the restaurant to its limit points of operation, which called Bottle necks. NUMBER OF STAFF: There are many shift of working hour a day in KFC. The maximum number of staffs that needed in rush hour is 12 people approximately (with 8 front-men taking customers’ orders and cleaning, 2 middle-men making burgers and chips, and 2 cooks in the kitchen working strenuously). At the busiest hour, the staffs face pressure of too many customers waiting in the queues, shortage of food available, and the mess in eating place. 2 or 3 front-men have to make burger and chips in order to provide food on time. NUMBER OF QUEUE: It often happens in the fast food restaurant that long lines of customers are waiting to be served. Although KFC Union Street has 8 queues, it does not mean that there are always staffs available. AVAILABLE EATING SPACE: It is hard to find a clean table in rush hours because of the large number of customers and the busy staffs. SPEED OF COOKING AND DELIVERING: To ensure the fresh of food provided to customers, the middle-men just make some available. Hence, if a big order is placed or many orders are placed at once, it will take time to make more burgers. Some constraint factors would be solved by staff’s working flexibility, some, however, could not avoid because they links to other factors. For example, KFC could make more burgers available to avoid customers’ waiting time and increase speed performance objective; however, the foods will not as good as the just-in-time one, which reduces quality performance objective. Therefore, it is essential for the restaurant to decide which objectives are priorities. The analysis of KFC’s capacity and capacity constraints lead to the following part which will discuss about which strategy it uses to manage the operation. CAPACITY STRATEGY (Sasser, 1976) There are 2 evidences from the data collected that shows Chase demand plan (Sasser, 1976) is the strategy KFC following. There are different staff numbers and the amount of food ready in a day. Due to staff contracts, the manager arranges a large number of staffs for rush hour, which is from 16:00pm to 20:00pm each day while reduce staffs at the opening (9:30am) and the closing time (22:00pm). In 30 minutes before closing, the kitchen stops working and the front-men focus on cleaning rather than standing behind order place. This arrangement is based on which time customers usually come to the restaurant. It helps reduce cost of staff salaries and avoid human surplus on the time not many customers. Besides, working flexibility is required for all the staffs, which are ability of working in different positions (front, middle or in kitchen), doing different tasks and even overtime, if needed. The other one – amount of food ready in a day – does show that KFC is applying Capacity leads demand theory (Sasser, 1976). KFC always provides the amount of food slightly over than customer’s demand so as to ensure available service in working time. The food left changes to waste because it could not be stored due to KFC’s quality standard. This waste, according to the manager, is not significant and enables to bear with. From the analysis above, it is clear to see that KFC is doing right because the strategy not only fits to identity of fast food market, but also expresses KFC’s customisation, which highly focus on satisfy its customers. After discussing about five performance objectives (Slack et al, 2004) and capacity strategy (Sasser, 1976), the final part will clarify relationship between those and how they support each other. THE RELATIONSHIP OF CAPACITY STRATEGY AND FIVE PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES (Slack et al, 2004) Before having strategy, the objectives have to be set. It could be simply explained that objectives are the place you want to drive to while strategy is vehicle that helps to get there. For KFC as a whole, the company expresses its concentration on Quality objective through the slogan â€Å"Don’t worry. Eat happy† (http://www.kfc.co.uk/dontworryeathappy) and various actions to be healthier for the customers, such as â€Å"Get fresh inspiration from our Deli Deluxe Range†, â€Å"We’re fighting trans-fats, not flavour†, â€Å"We’ve done away with 25% of saturated fats†, or â€Å"Fitted out with green energy†, etc. Quality is known as the vital factor to compete with other big brands like Subway, MacDonald’s, Burger King†¦, and gain fast food market share when customer’s health concern is increasing more and more. (http://www.propertyweek.com, Domino’s pizza tops the market article) FIGURE4. FAST-FOOD MARKET SHARE IN THE UK However, for smaller scale, according to the manager of KFC Union Street, the  restaurant put Speed objective as their first priority to strive because quality standard as well as promotions is already fixed. â€Å"It is KFC Company’s job to upgrade and spread out how good the food is.† – Said the manager – â€Å"Our job is to provide food with the same standard, and serve the customers those come to our restaurant best services, and it is speed†. Hence, the restaurant tends to increase the factor it can control, which differentiates it among the others. Following the objective above, the Chase demand plan (Sasser, 1976) is decided to make it done. This strategy fits to fast food restaurant’s identity so as to utilize time, human, and money resources. Then, considering either capacity lags demand, which allows demand never less than capacity or capacity leads demand (Sasser, 1976), which is that capacity always meets forecasted demand, KFC Union Street chose the second one. The restaurant gives up waste in order to better its service for customers. Amount of food available reduces waiting time for delivering, as well as, waiting time to be ordered. The customers would be more satisfied thanks to fast service. CONCLUSION To sum up, the report is designed from result collected at KFC Union Street, Bristol. With five performance objectives (Slack et al, 2004), capacity, capacity strategy (Sasser, 1976) analysis, it clarified how KFC operates and how theories links to each other, as well as, are applied into practice with particular circumstances. REFERENCES Dettmer, H.W., 2003. Strategic Navigation: A Systems Approach to Business Strategy. ASQ Quality Press. James, P., Rowland-Jones, R., O’Brien, L., 2010. Operations and Business Systems management, 2nd Ed., Harlow: Pearson. Samuelson, Paul A., Nordhaus, William D (2009). Economics, 19th Ed., McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Slack N, Chambers, S., Johnston R., 2001, Operations management, 3rd Ed., London: Pittman Publishing. Slack N, Chambers, S., Johnston R., 2001, Operations management, 4th Ed., London: Pittman Publishing. Slack N, Chambers, S., Johnston R., 2001, Operations management, 5th Ed., Harlow: Prentice Hall. Schoenborn, G., 2009, Personal Communication. Strecker, S., Ulrich, F., 2011. Information Systems and E-Business Management. A modelling method in support of the reflective design and use of performance measurement systems [e-journal] 7(1). Available through: Springer. http://www.kfc.co.uk/dontworryeathappy

Los apellidos hispanos más frecuentes en EE.UU.

En la actualidad, 3  apellidos hispanos està ¡n entre los 10  mà ¡s comunes de los Estados Unidos  y 6 entre los 15 mà ¡s frecuentes. Este dato no debe sorprender ya que hay mà ¡s de 57,5 millones de latinos en el paà ­s, conformando el 17,8 por ciento del total de la poblacià ³n. En este artà ­culo se enumeran cuà ¡les son los apellidos latinos mà ¡s frecuentes, segà ºn datos del Bureau del Censo y, tambià ©n, su significado. A continuacià ³n se lista cuà ¡les son los 10 mà ¡s comunes, sin importar el origen à ©tnico o racial y, finalmente, se incluye informacià ³n relevante sobre derechos de los nià ±os nacidos en Estados Unidos y documentos que sirven para acreditar su ciudadanà ­a. Destacar que para el Bureau del Censo, los tà ©rminos latino e hispano pueden utilizarse como sinà ³nimos y que para esta oficina del gobierno son latinas las personas con procedencia en: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Espaà ±a, Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, Guatemala, Honduras, Mà ©xico, Nicaragua, Panamà ¡, Paraguay, Perà º, Repà ºblica Dominicana, Uruguay y Venezuela. Ademà ¡s, para otras agencias del gobierno, los brasileà ±os tambià ©n estarà ­an incluidos en esta categorà ­a. Apellidos hispanos mà ¡s frecuentes en Estados Unidos Estos son los 10 apellidos hispanos mà ¡s comunes, segà ºn datos del à ºltimo censo de 2010, en orden de frecuencia empezando con el mà ¡s numeroso, con especificacià ³n entre parà ©ntesis del nà ºmero que ocupa entre los 15 mà ¡s frecuentes del censo total, que incluye toda clase de apellidos. Garcà ­a (6) Rodrà ­guez (9) Martà ­nez (10)Hernà ¡ndez (11)Là ³pez (12)Gonzà ¡lez (13) Ademà ¡s, se encuentran entre los 100 mà ¡s comunes: Pà ©rez Sà ¡nchez Ramà ­rezTorres Flores Rivera Gà ³mez Dà ­az Reyes Cruz Morales Ortiz Gutià ©rrez Significado de Garcà ­a y Rodrà ­guez y otros apellidos hispanos   Garcà ­a es el apellido latino mà ¡s frecuente en USA. Se le atribuyen diversos orà ­genes y significados. Una de las interpretaciones mà ¡s aceptadas es que originalmente pudo significar oso. Lo que sà ­ es seguro es que ya aparecà ­a por escrito en documentos de finales del siglo VIII en lo que hoy es la provincia espaà ±ola de Navarra. En la actualidad es el apellido mà ¡s frecuente en Espaà ±a y es tambià ©n muy frecuente en Latinoamà ©rica. En concreto, en Mà ©xico es el tercero mà ¡s comà ºn despuà ©s de Hernà ¡ndez y Là ³pez.   En cuanto a Rodrà ­guez, su origen se encuentra en el reino medieval de Leà ³n y significa hijo de Rodrigo. En Espaà ±a es el tercer apellido mà ¡s comà ºn, mientras que en Colombia ocupa el lugar nà ºmero dos, despuà ©s de Gonzà ¡lez. En Argentina, Chile, Mà ©xico y Venezuela es, tambià ©n, muy frecuente y en Repà ºblica Dominicana es el mà ¡s comà ºn. Martà ­nez tiene tambià ©n un origen medieval en Espaà ±a, pero se le atribuyen distintos puntos de origen. Significa hijo de Martà ­n. Las familias que lo llevan, al igual que ocurre con los apellidos que acaban en -ez, no tienen un origen comà ºn, aunque provienen del antiguo reino de Castilla. Hernà ¡ndez sigue la misma dinà ¡mica que los apellidos anteriores, y significa hijo de Hernando.  Por su parte, Là ³pez significa hijo de Lope, un nombre que antiguamente era comà ºn y procede de la palabra latina Lupus, que significa lobo. Gonzà ¡lez y su variacià ³n Gonzales significan hijo de Gonzalo, un nombre muy frecuente en la à ©poca medieval en Espaà ±a. Pà ©rez quiere decir hijo de Pedro o de Pero. Esta à ºltima es la versià ³n aragonesa del mismo nombre. Por su parte Sà ¡nchez significa hijo de Sancho. En su origen era muy comà ºn en los territorios que hoy son las provincias espaà ±olas de Cà ¡ceres y Salamanca. Y Ramà ­rez significa hijo de Ramiro. Finalmente, Torres, el à ºltimo apellido hispano que se coloca entre los 50 mà ¡s frecuentes de Estados Unidos, tiene un origen distinto. Es decir, no significa hijo de, sino que està ¡ asociado con un lugar con torres. Este apellido en su origen està ¡ relacionado con poder. Cà ³mo es que hay tantos apellidos hispanos en Estados Unidos Sucesivos flujos migratorios a lo largo de la historia han cambiando notablemente la composicià ³n racial y à ©tnica de los Estados Unidos. En el caso de los hispanos, destacar que siempre ha habido presencia de latinos. Por ejemplo, Saint Augustine, en Florida, es la ciudad con ocupacià ³n continuada mà ¡s antigua en EE.UU. y es de origen espaà ±ol.   Ademà ¡s, la poblacià ³n de origen latino aumentà ³ significativamente despuà ©s de la anexià ³n de Texas en 1845, la ganancia de los territorios del suroeste americano y California tras la guerra entre Mà ©xico y Estados Unidos de 1846-1848 y la toma de posesià ³n de Puerto Rico en 1898. Pero lo que està ¡ detrà ¡s del espectacular crecimiento en nà ºmeros de latinos en las à ºltimas dà ©cadas es el aumento de la inmigracià ³n procedente de Latinoamà ©rica que ha convertido a  los hispanos en la primera minorà ­a del paà ­s, superando a los  afroamericanos. Muchos de los latinos son nuevos inmigrantes que adquirieron primero el permiso de residencia por peticià ³n de un familiar, pero en la actualidad incluso mà ¡s son latinos que son  estadounidenses de nacimiento al haber nacido en los Estados Unidos que emigrantes En los casos de personas nacidas en el paà ­s, es importante obtener cuanto antes el certificado de nacimiento. Si bien es cierto que en en algunos condados, como sucede en el sur de Texas, los padres indocumentados està ¡n teniendo muchos problemas para obtener este documento de sus hijos para acreditar la ciudadanà ­a del menor. Ademà ¡s, hay que tener en cuenta que tambià ©n pueden surgir problemas en casos de bebà ©s nacidos aquà ­ cuando los papà ¡s tienen visas de turista. Pero el censo refleja un gran aumento en apellidos latinos no sà ³lo por esos dos motivos –inmigracià ³n y nacimientos– sino tambià ©n porque a diferencia de lo que era comà ºn en à ©pocas pasadas, los inmigrantes actuales prefieren conservar sus nombres y apellidos y no hacerlos anglosajones. Esto era comà ºn en todos los grupos de inmigrantes para intentar evitar discriminacià ³n y demostrar asimilacià ³n al nuevo paà ­s, pero en la actualidad es algo infrecuente Los 10apellidos mà ¡s comunes en Estados Unidos Para las personas interesadas, esta es la lista de los apellidos mà ¡s comunes, sean latinos o no, segà ºn datos del à ºltimo censo, que es el de 2010 porque en Estados Unidos se actualiza sà ³lo cada 10 aà ±os. Hay listados diferentes pero en este artà ­culo se ha utilizado ese listado oficial: SmithJohnsonWilliamsBrownJonesGarcà ­aMillerDavisRodrà ­guezMartà ­nez Curiosidades sobre latinos en Estados Unidos Es muy interesante conocer estas  7 aportaciones de los hispanos a la cultura estadounidense  o estas 10 curiosidades que pueden sorprender y entretener. Este artà ­culo es informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal para ningà ºn caso concreto.