Analysis: Decision Making In Kava Essay

Decision making is one of the important and crucial aspects in running a business that business executives delegate to their subordinates, in the hope that those they think are qualified to make sound decisions indeed make very good decisions that will always be for the best interest of the company. Decision making is a privilege, but it is nonetheless a difficult task that cannot be avoided. Because of its importance and the difficulty that goes along with decision making, professionals over time managed to draft certain decision making techniques that can help those who find themselves in a great difficulty over the inability to produce a decision making process that will guarantee the providing of the best result possible for a particular business scenario. Decision-making technique to identify the solution – There are several business models of decision making techniques that anyone can utilize; there are no perfect techniques for decision making, what is important is that the person manages to identify the technique that suits his or her needs best. For the case that is being tackled in this paper, the decision making technique which will be utilized is the Measured Criterion technique. What is the Measured Criterion technique? In the Measured Criterion technique, the individual will have to create a table or matrix wherein important goals as well as options to attain the goal(s) is/are identified to allow the person/organization making the decision to look at the goal and the options they can take and decide which option they will resort to. Why is the Measured Criterion the ideal decision making technique for the particular case being discussed in this paper? It is the ideal decision making technique for this particular case because the Measured Criterion style will allow Nik and Alex to plot and identify the particular goals that they need to accomplish so that they can achieve their ultimate goal – to act as catalysts in the island so that their company can have a greater and broader business presence in Kava. These particular goals will definitely open up options for both Nik and Alex, and when there are two persons deciding, there is a very good chance that they may not opt for the same course of action. But through the use of the Measured Criterion, every option is designated with a numerical equivalent that suggests the range and probable efficacy, practicality, comfort and other aspects and characteristics of a particular option, from which the decision will be based. This information will be used on how the decisions and options are considered and weighed. For example, Part 1 of Nik’s planning involved the human resources part. For example, during the decision making process on whether Nik and Alex should advice its head office on hiring Kava local’s to work for the company when its expands its operation and presence in the island, the decision can be based after consulting the Measured Criterion chart, which would reflect points represented in numerical significance – what are the points for opting for hiring locals and the probability that they will stay long and loyal to the company compared to using non-locals to work in Kava and the corresponding level or chances that these particular type of employees will stay long and loyal in the Kava office of the company? Having identified these issues and other issues involved in the decision making task of Nik and Alex necessary to accomplish the goal delegated to them by their company, there is a better guarantee that the option they will take are considered very well and that there are minimized chances that Nik and Alex left something out unintentionally. Steps in decision making – Following the guidelines necessary to undertake the Measured Criterion technique for decision making, the steps towards decision making of the company so that it can achieve its goal in Kava will include the following steps: identification of the course of action needed to be taken, identification of the existence of alternatives and wide variety of options present for every step or action to be taken, the providing of the necessary data and points consistent with the style of Measured Criterion so that every action that presents many different options will reflect the best and worst possible option for the company to take, and lastly, the deliberation on whether the best option as reflected in the Measured Criterion tables should be taken first en route to the actualization of the business plan. During the process of decision making to attain the goal of having the business expand in Kava, Nik will have to identify key information to aid his decision making and provide information in the measured criteria table for further deliberation and consideration. This is important since there are what Luo consider as â€Å"international expansion imperatives† that act as â€Å"building blocks on which a wide variety of international expansion strategies, decisions, and policies are based. They are imperatives because they cannot be unlinked from the decision making process during international expansion (Luo, 1999, p. 6). † Decision making technique analysis – Why is the Measured Criterion selected and used as the decision making technique to assist in the goal of Nik and Alex to undertake the creation of a business plan that will allow their company to grow in Kava? As explained in Virtualsalt. om about how Measured Criteria works, this particular decision makin g technique can help the task at hand (which is the planning of the company on how to have a greater business presence in Kava) by providing a way in which the target goals for the accomplishment of the business plan is already laid out and the corresponding alternatives and options of the company are weighed correctly. Nik, who is an important player in the effort of the company to expand in Kava, needs to be equipped with a decision making technique which would allow him to be able to sort things out and plot the objectives and goals he needs to accomplish, identify his options and plot the strengths and weaknesses of each and every option so that he can pick the best option, use it and contribute to the overall efforts of him and Alex in the achieving of the company’s business goal in Kava for which Nik was sent there for. The Measured Criterion can provide Nik with the style that will enable Nik to efficiently and systematically sort things out. The situation in Kava, with all the confusion that was illustrated in the case scenario, will take its toll on Nik’s ability to focus his mind and his thoughts, and using the Measured Criterion will help offset the negative impact of the messy surroundings in the place. Don Aslett, in his book The Office Clutter Cure, points out that â€Å"a poorly kept workplace makes everyone tense† and that â€Å"too much stuff around is distracting (Aslett, 2005, p. 20). Proposed Solution – The proposed solution for the expansion of the company in Kava includes the implementation of a business action plan that includes human resources, marketing and business strategy. The company should consider the hiring of locals and consider the socio economic and socio political impact of this action to the locals and the government of Kava, including ensuing empathy and support and stabilization of the company; the company should also realign its business strategy so that it will suit the diversity in culture and the heterogeneity of the people present in the island which will be affected in many different ways by the business; the company should also consider the logistics that the company will have to shoulder and address should the company expand operation and business presence in the island, with a back up study on the financial impact of such logistics adjustment on the overall performance of the company; and lastly, the company should plot a timeline to allow themselves the opportunity to measure the positive yield and impact this move will make to the company, so that in the event that the move is deemed as unproductive or lacks promise financially an d business-wise, appropriate remedies can be set up and implemented to cover losses and redirect expansion actions by the company. Examining the decision making model – The use of the Measured Criterion will work well in this particular condition with one consideration in mind: that both Nik and Alex make honest appraisals and put corresponding numerical symbolisms of the importance of each item presented in the matrix. Toney explains that â€Å"other researchers have shown conclusively that the most common reason for organizational failure is flawed decision making† (Toney, 2002, p. 21), and the only way for Nik and Alex to avoid having a flawed decision making is to make sure that the decision making process is free from personal agenda and other politics that go against the best interest of the company. As in the use of any decision making technique, the absence of honesty and objectivity in the part of individuals make human error a significant factor. If Nik uses the Measured Criterion in a way that there is a controlled outcome in numerical value because Nik wants the outcome to correspond with his personal wants and desires (i. e. to leave Kava since Nik expresses dislike in the island), the credibility of the Measured Criterion and the decision that was reached is jeopardized, as with the use of any other decision making technique so long as there is an effort to manipulate the outcome.

Competing through Operation: KFC Report Essay

INTRODUCTION The report focuses on KFC – the leading chicken fast food restaurant in the world, and one of the largest players in the fast food market. By using five performance objectives and various research methods, the report aims to  analyze how the restaurant perform and manage its operation capacity in order to provide qualified food and service to the customers. Besides, the restaurant’s capacity constrains and capacity strategies are discussed base on the primary data from KFC Union Street, Bristol City centre. It would link to the relationship between Capacity strategy and five performance objectives (Slack et al, 2004), as well as, how they support each other. COMPANY PROFILE KFC first starts in 1930s, when Harland Sanders opened his restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky. KFC now spreads out to more than 100 countries with around 15500 outlets worldwide. Of these, there are more than 800 restaurants located in the UK. The restaurant has concentrated on fried-chicken-on-bone products under the name Original Recipe and expanded the offers with other items include chicken sandwiches and chicken wings, as well as, biscuits, mashed potatoes, corn, potato wedges and desserts. The new line-grilled chicken with fewer calories, fat and salt than the Original Recipe- was launched in 2009. It was called â€Å"one of the biggest new product rollouts in the history of the company† by the KFC president Roger Eaton. Being tested in many regions included the UK; this new line has been well received as a healthier alternative which retains good in taste. The following part will discuss about how KFC applies five performance objectives (Slack et al, 2004) into its operation and which of the five objectives is concentrated on. FIVE PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES The theory has been applied for many companies worldwide for over 10 years in order to manage operating performance. Due to the limitation of resources, each company tends to put only some of the five objectives in priority  during particular periods. It is considered as one of smart methods to maximize profits. Source: (Adapted from Slack et al, 2004) FIGURE1. FIVE PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES Figure 1 explains the idea and meaning of five performance objectives (Slack et al, 2004) in general. QUALITY is the responsibility to always provide the good product or service that company has claimed. It also requires doing the right thing at the right time and meeting customer specifications, which give customer satisfactions. In KFC, main factors listed as Quality objective are quality of food (delicious, tasty, fresh, healthy, etc), quality of service (clean, supportive, friendly, etc)†¦ SPEED is defined as how fast the company responds their customers. This is one of the most important things required in fast food restaurant, especially in rush hours. Applying to KFC restaurant, speed objective is considered as the elapsed time between customers’ placing orders and the food or services being delivered. FLEXIBILITY measures how much variety in products, services, and solutions for a dynamic market environment in order to meet customers’ need. It is shown as KFC’s various menus, the launch of line â€Å"Grilled Chicken†, the more customization, etc DEPENDABILITY is doing things on time as promises. It not only gains customer’s trust but also has an influence on cost, which are saving money, saving time and giving stability to improve the efficiencies (Strecker, Ulrich, 2011). In KFC, it is on-time deliveries. COST is the product or service price that enables company compete the market, as well as ensure the return. The company aims to maximize their profit;  therefore, reducing the cost is necessary. Cost objective in KFC is measured by the cost of food, cost of manager and staff’s salaries, etc. The Polar diagram below shows how KFC restaurant performs in manager, staff and customer perspectives base on the data that was collected. (Adapted from Slack et al, 2004, p58) FIGURE2. POLAR DIAGRAM OF KFC RESTAURANT The Polar diagram is designed by the result of KFC manager’s interview, staff’s questionnaire and customers’ questionnaire (Appendix 1.0, appendix 2.0 and appendix 3.0). According to KFC manager, the restaurant is performing quite well in quality, cost and dependability objectives while speed needs to improve, especially in rush hours (16:00pm to 20:00pm). Staff and customers have the same opinion about improving speed objective in KFC. â€Å"Although we have 8 queues† – as the manager – â€Å"it is hard to serve a large number of customers at 19pm. However, we tend to give the staffs more training sessions to increase their speed in taking order and cooking. Focusing on people will push up dependability, flexibility and speed all.† (Appendix 3.0) It is the fact that most of the customers want a lower price for their food and services. However, with a fixed price tag, the restaurant tries their best to prove that the food and service offered to customers are worth their paying. The next part of report will focus on how the restaurant meets its customer’s fluctuating demand. CAPACITY The capacity of an operation is the highest level of value added after certain period of time that the process would be able to achieve under certain conditions (Slack et al, 2001). It includes: actual output, design capacity and effective capacity. FIGURE3. CAPACITY OF KFC RESTAURANT ON UNION STREET, BRISTOL Planned losses Avoidable losses Actual capacity 1929 people Planned losses Effective capacity 2331 people Design capacity 2680 people (Adapt from Slack et al, 2001) The figure is resulted from calculations below. DESIGN CAPACITY Design capacity is â€Å"the capacity which its technical designers had in mind when they commissioned the operation† (Slack et al, 2001, p335). The KFC restaurant on Union Street is the largest KFC outlets in Bristol which can serve maximum 100 customers a day (approximate number from KFC manager). Design capacity Daily 100 people Weekly 670 people (7 working days, less working hours on Sunday) Monthly 2680 people EFFECTIVE CAPACITY While design capacity is â€Å"everything according to a plan†, effective capacity helps to show what might happen if something not goes as a plan. Effective  capacity is calculated as design capacity minus planned losses, which is 13% (from KFC manager). Effective capacity Daily 87 people (100 – 100Ãâ€"13%) Weekly 582people (670 – 670Ãâ€"13%) Monthly 2331 people (2680 – 2680Ãâ€"13%) ACTUAL OUTPUT Actual output is the amount of a product that a production facility actually produces, as opposed to the amount that it could produce if it were to run at full theoretical capacity. It is calculated as design capacity minus planned losses and avoidable losses which is 15% (from KFC manager). Actual output Daily 72 people (100 – 100x[13%+15%]) Weekly 482 people (670 – 670x[13%+15%]) Monthly 1929 people (2680 – 2680x[13%+15%]) Planned losses: Public holidays (Christmas, New Year, etc) Human issues (Illness, pregnant †¦) The time customers waiting to be served Avoidable losses: Weather (Storm, heavy snow, etc) Machine failure. CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS Capacity constraints are considered as factors that limit the number of customers served by operation (Dettmer, 2003). For KFC, these are: number of staffs, number of queues, available eating space, speed of cooking and delivering. These factors would push the restaurant to its limit points of operation, which called Bottle necks. NUMBER OF STAFF: There are many shift of working hour a day in KFC. The maximum number of staffs that needed in rush hour is 12 people approximately (with 8 front-men taking customers’ orders and cleaning, 2 middle-men making burgers and chips, and 2 cooks in the kitchen working strenuously). At the busiest hour, the staffs face pressure of too many customers waiting in the queues, shortage of food available, and the mess in eating place. 2 or 3 front-men have to make burger and chips in order to provide food on time. NUMBER OF QUEUE: It often happens in the fast food restaurant that long lines of customers are waiting to be served. Although KFC Union Street has 8 queues, it does not mean that there are always staffs available. AVAILABLE EATING SPACE: It is hard to find a clean table in rush hours because of the large number of customers and the busy staffs. SPEED OF COOKING AND DELIVERING: To ensure the fresh of food provided to customers, the middle-men just make some available. Hence, if a big order is placed or many orders are placed at once, it will take time to make more burgers. Some constraint factors would be solved by staff’s working flexibility, some, however, could not avoid because they links to other factors. For example, KFC could make more burgers available to avoid customers’ waiting time and increase speed performance objective; however, the foods will not as good as the just-in-time one, which reduces quality performance objective. Therefore, it is essential for the restaurant to decide which objectives are priorities. The analysis of KFC’s capacity and capacity constraints lead to the following part which will discuss about which strategy it uses to manage the operation. CAPACITY STRATEGY (Sasser, 1976) There are 2 evidences from the data collected that shows Chase demand plan (Sasser, 1976) is the strategy KFC following. There are different staff numbers and the amount of food ready in a day. Due to staff contracts, the manager arranges a large number of staffs for rush hour, which is from 16:00pm to 20:00pm each day while reduce staffs at the opening (9:30am) and the closing time (22:00pm). In 30 minutes before closing, the kitchen stops working and the front-men focus on cleaning rather than standing behind order place. This arrangement is based on which time customers usually come to the restaurant. It helps reduce cost of staff salaries and avoid human surplus on the time not many customers. Besides, working flexibility is required for all the staffs, which are ability of working in different positions (front, middle or in kitchen), doing different tasks and even overtime, if needed. The other one – amount of food ready in a day – does show that KFC is applying Capacity leads demand theory (Sasser, 1976). KFC always provides the amount of food slightly over than customer’s demand so as to ensure available service in working time. The food left changes to waste because it could not be stored due to KFC’s quality standard. This waste, according to the manager, is not significant and enables to bear with. From the analysis above, it is clear to see that KFC is doing right because the strategy not only fits to identity of fast food market, but also expresses KFC’s customisation, which highly focus on satisfy its customers. After discussing about five performance objectives (Slack et al, 2004) and capacity strategy (Sasser, 1976), the final part will clarify relationship between those and how they support each other. THE RELATIONSHIP OF CAPACITY STRATEGY AND FIVE PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES (Slack et al, 2004) Before having strategy, the objectives have to be set. It could be simply explained that objectives are the place you want to drive to while strategy is vehicle that helps to get there. For KFC as a whole, the company expresses its concentration on Quality objective through the slogan â€Å"Don’t worry. Eat happy† (http://www.kfc.co.uk/dontworryeathappy) and various actions to be healthier for the customers, such as â€Å"Get fresh inspiration from our Deli Deluxe Range†, â€Å"We’re fighting trans-fats, not flavour†, â€Å"We’ve done away with 25% of saturated fats†, or â€Å"Fitted out with green energy†, etc. Quality is known as the vital factor to compete with other big brands like Subway, MacDonald’s, Burger King†¦, and gain fast food market share when customer’s health concern is increasing more and more. (http://www.propertyweek.com, Domino’s pizza tops the market article) FIGURE4. FAST-FOOD MARKET SHARE IN THE UK However, for smaller scale, according to the manager of KFC Union Street, the  restaurant put Speed objective as their first priority to strive because quality standard as well as promotions is already fixed. â€Å"It is KFC Company’s job to upgrade and spread out how good the food is.† – Said the manager – â€Å"Our job is to provide food with the same standard, and serve the customers those come to our restaurant best services, and it is speed†. Hence, the restaurant tends to increase the factor it can control, which differentiates it among the others. Following the objective above, the Chase demand plan (Sasser, 1976) is decided to make it done. This strategy fits to fast food restaurant’s identity so as to utilize time, human, and money resources. Then, considering either capacity lags demand, which allows demand never less than capacity or capacity leads demand (Sasser, 1976), which is that capacity always meets forecasted demand, KFC Union Street chose the second one. The restaurant gives up waste in order to better its service for customers. Amount of food available reduces waiting time for delivering, as well as, waiting time to be ordered. The customers would be more satisfied thanks to fast service. CONCLUSION To sum up, the report is designed from result collected at KFC Union Street, Bristol. With five performance objectives (Slack et al, 2004), capacity, capacity strategy (Sasser, 1976) analysis, it clarified how KFC operates and how theories links to each other, as well as, are applied into practice with particular circumstances. REFERENCES Dettmer, H.W., 2003. Strategic Navigation: A Systems Approach to Business Strategy. ASQ Quality Press. James, P., Rowland-Jones, R., O’Brien, L., 2010. Operations and Business Systems management, 2nd Ed., Harlow: Pearson. Samuelson, Paul A., Nordhaus, William D (2009). Economics, 19th Ed., McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Slack N, Chambers, S., Johnston R., 2001, Operations management, 3rd Ed., London: Pittman Publishing. Slack N, Chambers, S., Johnston R., 2001, Operations management, 4th Ed., London: Pittman Publishing. Slack N, Chambers, S., Johnston R., 2001, Operations management, 5th Ed., Harlow: Prentice Hall. Schoenborn, G., 2009, Personal Communication. Strecker, S., Ulrich, F., 2011. Information Systems and E-Business Management. A modelling method in support of the reflective design and use of performance measurement systems [e-journal] 7(1). Available through: Springer. http://www.kfc.co.uk/dontworryeathappy

Los apellidos hispanos más frecuentes en EE.UU.

En la actualidad, 3  apellidos hispanos està ¡n entre los 10  mà ¡s comunes de los Estados Unidos  y 6 entre los 15 mà ¡s frecuentes. Este dato no debe sorprender ya que hay mà ¡s de 57,5 millones de latinos en el paà ­s, conformando el 17,8 por ciento del total de la poblacià ³n. En este artà ­culo se enumeran cuà ¡les son los apellidos latinos mà ¡s frecuentes, segà ºn datos del Bureau del Censo y, tambià ©n, su significado. A continuacià ³n se lista cuà ¡les son los 10 mà ¡s comunes, sin importar el origen à ©tnico o racial y, finalmente, se incluye informacià ³n relevante sobre derechos de los nià ±os nacidos en Estados Unidos y documentos que sirven para acreditar su ciudadanà ­a. Destacar que para el Bureau del Censo, los tà ©rminos latino e hispano pueden utilizarse como sinà ³nimos y que para esta oficina del gobierno son latinas las personas con procedencia en: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Espaà ±a, Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico, Guatemala, Honduras, Mà ©xico, Nicaragua, Panamà ¡, Paraguay, Perà º, Repà ºblica Dominicana, Uruguay y Venezuela. Ademà ¡s, para otras agencias del gobierno, los brasileà ±os tambià ©n estarà ­an incluidos en esta categorà ­a. Apellidos hispanos mà ¡s frecuentes en Estados Unidos Estos son los 10 apellidos hispanos mà ¡s comunes, segà ºn datos del à ºltimo censo de 2010, en orden de frecuencia empezando con el mà ¡s numeroso, con especificacià ³n entre parà ©ntesis del nà ºmero que ocupa entre los 15 mà ¡s frecuentes del censo total, que incluye toda clase de apellidos. Garcà ­a (6) Rodrà ­guez (9) Martà ­nez (10)Hernà ¡ndez (11)Là ³pez (12)Gonzà ¡lez (13) Ademà ¡s, se encuentran entre los 100 mà ¡s comunes: Pà ©rez Sà ¡nchez Ramà ­rezTorres Flores Rivera Gà ³mez Dà ­az Reyes Cruz Morales Ortiz Gutià ©rrez Significado de Garcà ­a y Rodrà ­guez y otros apellidos hispanos   Garcà ­a es el apellido latino mà ¡s frecuente en USA. Se le atribuyen diversos orà ­genes y significados. Una de las interpretaciones mà ¡s aceptadas es que originalmente pudo significar oso. Lo que sà ­ es seguro es que ya aparecà ­a por escrito en documentos de finales del siglo VIII en lo que hoy es la provincia espaà ±ola de Navarra. En la actualidad es el apellido mà ¡s frecuente en Espaà ±a y es tambià ©n muy frecuente en Latinoamà ©rica. En concreto, en Mà ©xico es el tercero mà ¡s comà ºn despuà ©s de Hernà ¡ndez y Là ³pez.   En cuanto a Rodrà ­guez, su origen se encuentra en el reino medieval de Leà ³n y significa hijo de Rodrigo. En Espaà ±a es el tercer apellido mà ¡s comà ºn, mientras que en Colombia ocupa el lugar nà ºmero dos, despuà ©s de Gonzà ¡lez. En Argentina, Chile, Mà ©xico y Venezuela es, tambià ©n, muy frecuente y en Repà ºblica Dominicana es el mà ¡s comà ºn. Martà ­nez tiene tambià ©n un origen medieval en Espaà ±a, pero se le atribuyen distintos puntos de origen. Significa hijo de Martà ­n. Las familias que lo llevan, al igual que ocurre con los apellidos que acaban en -ez, no tienen un origen comà ºn, aunque provienen del antiguo reino de Castilla. Hernà ¡ndez sigue la misma dinà ¡mica que los apellidos anteriores, y significa hijo de Hernando.  Por su parte, Là ³pez significa hijo de Lope, un nombre que antiguamente era comà ºn y procede de la palabra latina Lupus, que significa lobo. Gonzà ¡lez y su variacià ³n Gonzales significan hijo de Gonzalo, un nombre muy frecuente en la à ©poca medieval en Espaà ±a. Pà ©rez quiere decir hijo de Pedro o de Pero. Esta à ºltima es la versià ³n aragonesa del mismo nombre. Por su parte Sà ¡nchez significa hijo de Sancho. En su origen era muy comà ºn en los territorios que hoy son las provincias espaà ±olas de Cà ¡ceres y Salamanca. Y Ramà ­rez significa hijo de Ramiro. Finalmente, Torres, el à ºltimo apellido hispano que se coloca entre los 50 mà ¡s frecuentes de Estados Unidos, tiene un origen distinto. Es decir, no significa hijo de, sino que està ¡ asociado con un lugar con torres. Este apellido en su origen està ¡ relacionado con poder. Cà ³mo es que hay tantos apellidos hispanos en Estados Unidos Sucesivos flujos migratorios a lo largo de la historia han cambiando notablemente la composicià ³n racial y à ©tnica de los Estados Unidos. En el caso de los hispanos, destacar que siempre ha habido presencia de latinos. Por ejemplo, Saint Augustine, en Florida, es la ciudad con ocupacià ³n continuada mà ¡s antigua en EE.UU. y es de origen espaà ±ol.   Ademà ¡s, la poblacià ³n de origen latino aumentà ³ significativamente despuà ©s de la anexià ³n de Texas en 1845, la ganancia de los territorios del suroeste americano y California tras la guerra entre Mà ©xico y Estados Unidos de 1846-1848 y la toma de posesià ³n de Puerto Rico en 1898. Pero lo que està ¡ detrà ¡s del espectacular crecimiento en nà ºmeros de latinos en las à ºltimas dà ©cadas es el aumento de la inmigracià ³n procedente de Latinoamà ©rica que ha convertido a  los hispanos en la primera minorà ­a del paà ­s, superando a los  afroamericanos. Muchos de los latinos son nuevos inmigrantes que adquirieron primero el permiso de residencia por peticià ³n de un familiar, pero en la actualidad incluso mà ¡s son latinos que son  estadounidenses de nacimiento al haber nacido en los Estados Unidos que emigrantes En los casos de personas nacidas en el paà ­s, es importante obtener cuanto antes el certificado de nacimiento. Si bien es cierto que en en algunos condados, como sucede en el sur de Texas, los padres indocumentados està ¡n teniendo muchos problemas para obtener este documento de sus hijos para acreditar la ciudadanà ­a del menor. Ademà ¡s, hay que tener en cuenta que tambià ©n pueden surgir problemas en casos de bebà ©s nacidos aquà ­ cuando los papà ¡s tienen visas de turista. Pero el censo refleja un gran aumento en apellidos latinos no sà ³lo por esos dos motivos –inmigracià ³n y nacimientos– sino tambià ©n porque a diferencia de lo que era comà ºn en à ©pocas pasadas, los inmigrantes actuales prefieren conservar sus nombres y apellidos y no hacerlos anglosajones. Esto era comà ºn en todos los grupos de inmigrantes para intentar evitar discriminacià ³n y demostrar asimilacià ³n al nuevo paà ­s, pero en la actualidad es algo infrecuente Los 10apellidos mà ¡s comunes en Estados Unidos Para las personas interesadas, esta es la lista de los apellidos mà ¡s comunes, sean latinos o no, segà ºn datos del à ºltimo censo, que es el de 2010 porque en Estados Unidos se actualiza sà ³lo cada 10 aà ±os. Hay listados diferentes pero en este artà ­culo se ha utilizado ese listado oficial: SmithJohnsonWilliamsBrownJonesGarcà ­aMillerDavisRodrà ­guezMartà ­nez Curiosidades sobre latinos en Estados Unidos Es muy interesante conocer estas  7 aportaciones de los hispanos a la cultura estadounidense  o estas 10 curiosidades que pueden sorprender y entretener. Este artà ­culo es informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal para ningà ºn caso concreto.

The Power of Words - 922 Words

The Power of Words Language. Mankind’s first invention, and probably their greatest. Random strings of sounds and shapes, called â€Å"words† that have the ability to create wonders†¦or to annihilate them. My association with words, is a very old one. All my life (thus far), I’ve used them for a variety of purposes, the most recent of which has been to explore myself. Words first came to my rescue at a very early stage in life, in the form of poetry. I was in kindergarten, a very ordinary boy, with absolutely nothing remarkable to be proud of. But, I never was happy with that. You see, for almost as long as I can remember, I’ve wanted to be different, to stand out in a crowd. This desire was present in me back then too, albeit unrecognized. But, I did know that something wasn’t right with the way things were going, that something had to change. This knowledge was all but driving me crazy. And then, the day came. My class teacher announced that the school was holding a poetry recitation competition. I raced home and told mum and dad that I wanted to take part, and they set about training me to recite â€Å"Oh Captain, My Captain†, a poem by Walt Whitman. And finally, on the day of that competition, standing up on stage, I found the solution to my dilemma. I found somewhere I fit in, and found something that would undoubtedly se t me apart. I found, a love for words. And with that one little competition (I won 2nd place too!), I was off! Before I go any further, there are a fewShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Power of Words1029 Words   |  5 PagesThe Power of Words Communication and language are not always synonymous. Gesticulations and facial expression can convey certain messages that often make verbal expression unnecessary. 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The Clinic Of Helen Karkasoglou The Pediatrician And After...

Somewhere there was the clinic of Helen Karkasoglou the pediatrician and after Stavros Voutiras with his sisters, Fotika and Ntomna. There was also the painter Nikos Palaiopoulos, Anthony Karagiannidis the priest with his daughter Effie, the Christidis family with three sons, Bob, Chris the pharmacist and Byron. Stratos and Theano Alexandridis had the patisserie in Sirkeci. Then it was the house of Philip and Marika the kampouritsa (hunchback). It was there the shop of Elias Tsaliki the sompatzi (plumber). Then it was the home of Spyros Kollias the avgoulas (egg seller). The trade had so many varieties. Furriers, stonecutters, carbon sellers, gardeners. Due to the vast land and soil texture, vegetables and flowers made the village became very prospetable and with the help of boats everything had been transported quickly and in large quantities in the markets of the City. The florists boast for famous klagior, large chrysanthemums and roses in all colors. Carters, porters, town criers, peddlers, farriers, tinkers, skippers, they added their own distinct sounds in the scene of daily life. The pedlar in neighborhoods with a loaded donkey trumpeted his merchandise, singing for the alpha alpha quality products, fresh eggs and okra: bamya da bamya, taze yumurta (turkish). The kids around him, asked to sing the same verse again but to catch the tone a little more sweet azazik tatatli. This was repeated until the pedlar could not do this any longer and he perceived that

Social Media Impact on Student Performance

Question: Discuss about the Social Media Impact on Student Performance. Answer: Introduction Social media or the social networking websites engage and influence students in a great manner. Social media is such a regular activity, which is usually done by most of the people in this world without considering the bad or good effects of social media usage (Hudson Thal, 2013). Moreover, it has become the major reason of everything that makes the students for utilizing it instead of books for searching for the required details (Hajli, 2014). Therefore, this research proposal portrays the ways through which the research would perform this evaluation with the help of proper review of literature and methodology required for implementing the research. Aims and objectives of the Research This study will aim at analyzing the social media impact on the performance of the student. The topic mainly discusses various types of impact of social media considering both the negative as well as positive perspective. The researcher has selected the PSU as the case study in order to analyze the social media impact on the performance of the student. With the help of various concepts as well as theories, expert will try to analyze the negative impact of social media. Objectives of the Research The research objectives are as follows: To explore the approaches of using social networking sites by the PMU students To identify the influences of social media on educational performance for PMU students To evaluate the gratifications as well as the utilizations portrayed from the social media on students performance Research Questions The research questions are set based on the aims and objectives of the research proposal. These are as follows: How are the PMU students using the social networking websites? How can be the social networking websites used as the educational learning platform for the students of PMU? What are the gratifications as well as the utilizations achieved from social media and its learning effects? Thesis Statement The role of the connector is played by social networking sites among friends and families together that permit people for easily communicating to each other. People should limit in using the social media for preventing this issue for becoming a dilemma. Shall we stop using social media or it will stop us from thinking? With the help of the social networking websites, a long chain of friends can a people have, with whom they can share information or chat or ideal. Social networking sites permit the users at the most basic level for setting up personal homepages or online profiles, and developing an online social network. The research topic is talking about problems that face us every day and until now, there are no solutions provided to solve this problem. Social Networking Social Networking is nothing but the social media programs based on internet for making connections with clients, customers, classmates, family as well as friends (Goh, Heng Lin, 2013). The social networking can occur for the business purposes, social purposes or both through the sites like LinkedIn, Twitter, Facebook and other websites. Social media is the normal activity that people did every day without seeing the good and bad effects of it. Nowadays, social media become the big source of everything which makes students to use it instead of books to search for the needed information. It is also the significant and major area for the marketers in order to seek for engaging the users (Lyon Montgomery, 2013). On the other hand, social networking is also playing an essential and key role in the performance of the students all over the world. In addition, it makes students to stop using their minds and always think about taking photos, snapchat, searching in Facebook and using of twi tter to read about news and at this time everyone is ignoring reading and writing form books which spend more time than social media. Social Media The social media are the technologies mediated by computers, which permit sharing and creating of career interests, ideas, information as well as other forms of expression over the networks and virtual communities. In other words, according to the viewpoint of Barnes, Hood and Gallardo, (2014), social media is the collection of the channels of online communications dedicated to the collaboration, content-sharing, interaction and input based on community. There are several types of social media such as the applications as well as the websites dedicated to wikis, social curation, social networking, social bookmarking, forums and micro-blogging (Yu, Duan Cao, 2013). Difference between social networking and social media Social networking as well as social media seem to be similar based on their operations but these have difference between them. Social networking and social media are different from several aspects such as ROI measurement, time and effort, content, goals as well as communication style (Alwagait, Shahzad Alim, 2015). As per the communication style, people generally make their usual conversation over the social media websites by publishing white papers, infographics, eBooks, videos, images and more (Tess, 2013). On the other side, there needs be a mix of listening as well as talking with the social networking. The biggest difference between the social networking and the social media is the goal that an individual is trying to achieve. An individuals ultimate goal with social networking is for building his or her network of followers and fostering those relationships (Rosen, Carrier Cheever, 2013). Social media is different as when, someone is trying certainly for generating interaction and buzz, he or she want also for increasing his or her bottom line and it means the data acquisition for sales and lead generation for e-Commerce. Disadvantages of Social Media to Students Students are getting more involved in accessing social media than doing their major activities (Saw et al. 2013). Thus, the disadvantages or the bad impacts of the social media to the students have been stated as follows: Encourages abuse and exploitation many people especially children, teens or students utilize the social media for abusing and exploiting others (Wohn et al. 2013). Behavioral consequences and tendencies the impact of the social media as well as social networking sites on the behavior of the students is very disturbing (Karpinski et al. 2013). There is a tendency for conforming to what is popular without considering whether it is wrong or right as often seen in the cases of cyber-bullying. It is much easier for young people for abusing verbally each other online (Yu, Duan Cao, 2013). Reduces family closeness and causes distraction - Continuous access to the social media websites like Facebook, twitter and others can reduce the family closeness and results in distraction in the student concentration in their study (Greenhow Gleason, 2014). Advantages of social media to students In spite of the disadvantages, social media has significant advantages over the students if they intend to improve their performances (Gray et al. 2013). The major purpose of designing social media websites is to build the platforms for sharing information and to gain and enhance knowledge level. The social media usage has made it faster as well as easier for interacting with the teachers regarding the topics related to class (Seaman Tinti-Kane, 2013). Students are also getting the chance of becoming experts at developing an online presence in the world where the online engagements are essential for businesses (Alloway et al. 2013). The students can more utilize the social media websites in order to coordinate with their mates in order to get tips, notes and other relevant information rather than chatting with friends. Research Design Research design helps in illustrating the framework of the research topic, which will be helpful in selecting proper pattern of collection as well as analysis. There are generally three types of research design, which includes explanatory, exploratory and descriptive. In the present study, the expert has selected descriptive design as it helps in defining as well as illustrating the various social media impact on the performance of the student. Research Approach A proper approach is required for studying a topic in order to reveal the format of the needed research. The particular research specifically undertakes two ways, which includes inductive as well as deductive. In the current study, deductive approach is utilized as inductive approach fails to be implemented in the present study as the expert did not emphasized new theories or concepts. Research Philosophy Research philosophy helps in illustrating the various procedures of assumptions, which is undertaken by an expert during conducting a research topic. The common as well as broad forms of epistemology are a part of philosophy, which includes positivism, interpretivism as well as realism. In the current research, positivism is applied for identifying the impact. Data Collection and Analysis Technique Primary and Secondary both data collection method can be preferred for performing and executing this research as this method would be used based on the live evidences. Thus, a survey would be implemented among few students and teachers who can respond in regards to the research topic by stating the good as well as bad effects of the social media. Thus, the execution of the primary data collection method can assure the data resource relevance in this research. Therefore, a significant and an authentic research would be executed. Data analysis methods are categorized into two techniques, which include qualitative and quantitative analysis. In the present study both, the quantitative data analysis technique will be utilized. Ethical Considerations Research should be conducted after taking permission from the survey participants. Objectivity or subjectivity should be considered for this research. Therefore, a justified or affair consideration should be the ultimate concern of this particular research (Brown Stowers, 2013). Reliability on information should be ensured by this particular research for the participants. Time schedule or Timeframe for Completing the Research Major or Key activities 1st week 2nd week 3rd week 4th+5th week 6th week 7th week Selection of Topic Literature review Research Methodology Primary Data Collection Data Analysis Results conclusion Submission of Final Project References Alloway, T. P., Horton, J., Alloway, R. G., Dawson, C. (2013). Social networking sites and cognitive abilities: Do they make you smarter?Computers Education,63, 10-16. Alwagait, E., Shahzad, B., Alim, S. (2015). Impact of social media usage on students academic performance in Saudi Arabia.Computers in Human Behavior,51, 1092-1097. Barnes, J. N., Hood, K., Gallardo, R. (2014).The Economic Impact of Social Media on Small Businesses: Evidence from Three Mississippi Extension Programs(No. 162500). Southern Agricultural Economics Association. Brown, J. Stowers, E. (2013). Use of Data in Collections Work: An Exploratory Survey.Collection Management, 38(2), pp.143-162. Chandra, S. Sharma, M. (2013). Research methodology. Oxford: Alpha Science International Ltd. Goh, K. Y., Heng, C. S., Lin, Z. (2013). Social media brand community and consumer behavior: Quantifying the relative impact of user-and marketer-generated content.Information Systems Research,24(1), 88-107. Gray, R., Vitak, J., Easton, E. W., Ellison, N. B. (2013). Examining social adjustment to college in the age of social media: Factors influencing successful transitions and persistence.Computers Education,67, 193-207. Greenhow, C., Gleason, B. (2014). Social scholarship: Reconsidering scholarly practices in the age of social media.British Journal of Educational Technology,45(3), 392-402. Hajli, M. N. (2014). A study of the impact of social media on consumers.International Journal of Market Research,56(3), 387-404. Hudson, S., Thal, K. (2013). The impact of social media on the consumer decision process: Implications for tourism marketing.Journal of Travel Tourism Marketing,30(1-2), 156-160. Karpinski, A. C., Kirschner, P. A., Ozer, I., Mellott, J. A., Ochwo, P. (2013). An exploration of social networking site use, multitasking, and academic performance among United States and European university students.Computers in Human Behavior,29(3), 1182-1192. Lyon, T. P., Montgomery, A. W. (2013). Tweetjacked: The impact of social media on corporate greenwash.Journal of business ethics,118(4), 747-757. Rosen, L. D., Carrier, L. M., Cheever, N. A. (2013). Facebook and texting made me do it: Media-induced task-switching while studying.Computers in Human Behavior,29(3), 948-958. Saw, G., Abbott, W., Donaghey, J., McDonald, C. (2013). Social media for international students-it's not all about Facebook.Library Management,34(3), 156-174. Seaman, J., Tinti-Kane, H. (2013).Social media for teaching and learning. UK: Pearson Learning Systems. Tess, P. A. (2013). The role of social media in higher education classes (real and virtual)A literature review.Computers in Human Behavior,29(5), A60-A68. Wohn, D. Y., Ellison, N. B., Khan, M. L., Fewins-Bliss, R., Gray, R. (2013). The role of social media in shaping first-generation high school students' college aspirations: A social capital lens.Computers Education,63, 424-436. Yu, Y., Duan, W., Cao, Q. (2013). The impact of social and conventional media on firm equity value: A sentiment analysis approach.Decision Support Systems,55(4), 919-926.

Tobacco free essay sample

This paper examines the addictive qualities of tobacco and argues in favor of outlawing its use in the United States. This paper presents presents a detailed discussion on why the use of tobacco should be made illegal. The writer takes the reader on an exploratory journey of the issue of tobacco and its addictive qualities. The writer details the health care issues associated with tobacco use, investigates the cost to taxpayers among other issues. The writer also discusses several proposals that may help to cut down or discourage tobacco use, including increased taxes, more coordinated governmental and international control over its distribution and the removal of legal protections for tobacco companies. The outlawing of tobacco products would seriously cut down on the use of tobacco. Those who are stringent about obeying the law would find ways to stop and those who had not started would refuse to take up the habit. We will write a custom essay sample on Tobacco or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In addition it would allow the collection of funds for the purpose of furthering the campaign against its use. (Bigger, 1993) In 1990 alone tobacco use contributed to 400,000 deaths in the United States. This made it the leading cause of death, even more so than from guns or AIDS. This is reason enough to outlaw its use. The discovery in recent decades of the tobacco industrys purposeful addition of addictive chemicals to their product is enough to ban tobacco use in America. Tobacco use has no positive benefits at all.